Almeida Cátia, Oliveira Rita, Baylina Pilar, Fernandes Rúben, Teixeira Fábio G, Barata Pedro
LaBMI-Laboratory of Medical & Industrial Biotechnology, Porto Polytechnic Institute, 4200-375 Porto, Portugal.
Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Porto University, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
Biomedicines. 2022 Oct 28;10(11):2742. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10112742.
The gut microbiota refers to bacteria lodges in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that interact through various complex mechanisms. The disturbance of this ecosystem has been correlated with several diseases, such as neurologic, respiratory, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases and cancer. Therefore, the modulation of the gut microbiota has emerged as a potential therapeutic tool; of the various forms of gut microbiota modulation, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the most approached. This recent technique involves introducing fecal material from a healthy donor into the patient's gastrointestinal tract, aiming to restore the gut microbiota and lead to the resolution of symptoms. This procedure implies a careful donor choice, fine collection and handling of fecal material, and a balanced preparation of the recipient and consequent administration of the prepared content. Although FMT is considered a biological therapy with promising effects, side effects such as diarrhea and abdominal pain have also been claimed, making this a significant challenge in the application of FMT. Bearing this in mind, the present review aims to summarize the recent advances in understanding FMT mechanisms, their impact across different pathological conditions, and the associated side effects, emphasizing the most recent published data.
肠道微生物群是指寄居于胃肠道（GIT）的细菌，它们通过各种复杂机制相互作用。这种生态系统的紊乱与多种疾病相关，如神经、呼吸、心血管和代谢疾病以及癌症。因此，调节肠道微生物群已成为一种潜在的治疗手段；在各种调节肠道微生物群的形式中，粪便微生物群移植（FMT）是应用最为广泛的。这项新技术包括将来自健康供体的粪便物质引入患者胃肠道，旨在恢复肠道微生物群并缓解症状。该程序需要仔细选择供体，精细收集和处理粪便物质，以及对受体进行适当准备并随后给予制备好的内容物。尽管FMT被认为是一种具有显著疗效的生物疗法，但腹泻和腹痛等副作用也时有报道，这使得FMT的应用面临重大挑战。鉴于此，本综述旨在总结在理解FMT机制、其在不同病理状况下的影响以及相关副作用方面的最新进展，重点强调最新发表的数据。
