Impact of bacteroides uniformis on fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in dawu golden phoenix laying hens: modulation of gut microbiota and arachidonic acid metabolism.

This study explored the impact of () on fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) induced by a high-energy and low-protein (HELP) diet in laying hens, mainly focusing on hepatic lipid metabolism, gut microbiota, and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. A total of 120 Dawu Golden Phoenix laying hens (210-day-old) were randomly divided into four groups. The control group (CON) was fed a standard diet and received a daily gavage of PBS, while the other groups were fed with a HELP diet to induce FLHS and received a daily gavage of PBS (MOD), 1 × 10 CFU/ml (BUL), and 1 × 10 CFU/ml (BUH) for 70 days. All hens were administered 1 ml daily by gavage. Each group had 6 replications with 5 hens per replication. The results showed that increased the egg production rate and feed conversion ratio and decreased body weight, liver index, and abdominal fat rate ( < 0.05). treatment reduced liver lipid accumulation by reducing the levels of Triglyceride (TG), Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alanine transaminases (ALT), and aspartate transaminases (AST) in serum and significantly elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ( < 0.05). The results indicated that altered the gut microbiota. Specifically, the abundance of was higher, and the relative abundances of and Spirochaetota were lower than those of the MOD group ( < 0.05). Moreover, targeted metabolomic analysis showed that supplementation of significantly elevated 6-keto-PGF and AA levels, along with significantly reduced levels of thromboxane B (TXB), leukotriene D (LTD), 8-isoprostaglandin F (8-iso-PGF), 12S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12S-HETE), 15S-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15S-HETE), 9-S-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid (9S-HODE), and 13-S-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid (13S-HODE) ( < 0.05). In conclusion, the oral intake of can improve liver function, gut microbiota, and AA metabolism, thereby helping to ameliorate FLHS in Dawu Golden Phoenix laying hens.