United States Department of Agriculture, Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Genome Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 31;23(21):13248. doi: 10.3390/ijms232113248.
Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) is a recently identified virus. Previous research indicates primarily a substantial impact on berry ripening in all varieties studied. The current study analyzed grapes' primary and secondary metabolism across grapevine genotypes and seasons to reveal both conserved and variable impacts to GRBV infection. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) grapevines grafted on two different rootstocks (110R and 420A) were analyzed in 2016 and 2017. Metabolite profiling revealed a considerable impact on amino acid and malate acid levels, volatile aroma compounds derived from the lipoxygenase pathway, and anthocyanins synthesized in the phenylpropanoid pathway. Conserved transcriptional responses to GRBV showed induction of auxin-mediated pathways and photosynthesis with inhibition of transcription and translation processes mainly at harvest. There was an induction of plant-pathogen interactions at pre-veraison, for all genotypes and seasons, except for CS 110R in 2017. Lastly, differential co-expression analysis revealed a transcriptional shift from metabolic synthesis and energy metabolism to transcription and translation processes associated with a virus-induced gene silencing transcript. This plant-derived defense response transcript was only significantly upregulated at veraison for all genotypes and seasons, suggesting a phenological association with disease expression and plant immune responses.
葡萄红斑驳病毒（GRBV）是一种新发现的病毒。之前的研究表明，它主要对所有研究品种的浆果成熟有很大影响。本研究分析了葡萄在不同葡萄品种和季节的初级和次级代谢物，以揭示 GRBV 感染的既有保守影响，也有可变影响。在 2016 年和 2017 年，对嫁接在两种不同砧木（110R 和 420A）上的赤霞珠（CS）葡萄进行了分析。代谢物分析显示，氨基酸和苹果酸水平、脂氧合酶途径衍生的挥发性香气化合物以及苯丙烷途径合成的花青素受到了相当大的影响。GRBV 保守的转录反应表现为对生长素介导的途径和光合作用的诱导，而转录和翻译过程主要在收获时受到抑制。除了 2017 年的 110R CS 之外，在所有基因型和季节中，都存在预成熟时期的植物-病原体相互作用的诱导。最后，差异共表达分析显示，从代谢合成和能量代谢到与病毒诱导的基因沉默转录相关的转录和翻译过程的转录发生了转变。这种植物来源的防御反应转录物仅在所有基因型和季节的成熟时显著上调，这表明与疾病表达和植物免疫反应存在物候学关联。
