Recent Advances on Natural Aryl--glycoside Scaffolds: Structure, Bioactivities, and Synthesis-A Comprehensive Review.

Aryl--glycosides, of both synthetic and natural origin, are of great significance in medicinal chemistry owing to their unique structures and stability towards enzymatic and chemical hydrolysis as compared to -glycosides. They are well-known antibiotics and potent enzyme inhibitors and possess a wide range of biological activities such as anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, hypoglycemic effects, and so on. Currently, a number of aryl--glycoside drugs are on sale for the treatment of diabetes and related complications. This review summarizes the findings on aryl--glycoside scaffolds over the past 20 years, concerning new structures (over 200 molecules), their bioactivities-including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antivirus, glycation inhibitory activities and other pharmacological effects-as well as their synthesis.