Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Community Health Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
Nutrients. 2022 Nov 3;14(21):4636. doi: 10.3390/nu14214636.
Since COVID-19, global reports indicate changes in dietary habits and food security status of the population. As a follow-up to an earlier study conducted in 2020, the purpose of this online cross-sectional study was to examine food security and food attitudes and their subsequent impact on dietary habits since March 2020 and potential associations with demographics, health characteristics and lifestyle habits on dietary habits. Participants (n = 2036) responded to a 71-item online survey conducted between February−March 2022. Frequency counts and percentages were tabulated, and multivariate linear regressions were conducted to examine associations. Results showed that most participants indicated no change in dietary habits (45.9−88.8%) for the listed food and beverage items. A significant positive association for food attitudes scores (1.11, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.29; p < 0.001) and food security scores (0.53, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.71; p < 0.001) on total dietary habits was found. Further, significant positive associations were seen with various health characteristics such as medical conditions (p = 0.01) and lifestyle habits such as preparing meals at home (p < 0.001). A negative association was observed with females on total dietary habits (p < 0.001). It is necessary to encourage adults in the US to maintain the positive dietary and lifestyle habits they acquired since March 2020 in their daily living. Future studies should investigate the impact these habits have on their health long-term and sustained positive dietary and lifestyle habits.
自 COVID-19 以来，全球报告显示人们的饮食习惯和粮食安全状况发生了变化。作为 2020 年早期研究的后续，本项在线横断面研究的目的是检验自 2020 年 3 月以来粮食安全和食物态度及其对饮食习惯的后续影响，以及与人口统计学、健康特征和生活方式习惯的潜在关联对饮食习惯的影响。参与者（n=2036）于 2022 年 2 月至 3 月间回复了一份 71 项的在线调查。进行了频数计数和百分比计算，并进行了多元线性回归分析以检验关联。结果表明，对于列出的食物和饮料项目，大多数参与者表示饮食习惯无变化（45.9−88.8%）。食物态度评分（1.11，95%CI 0.93 至 1.29；p<0.001）和粮食安全评分（0.53，95%CI 0.35 至 0.71；p<0.001）与总饮食习惯呈显著正相关。此外，还与各种健康特征（如疾病状况，p=0.01）和生活方式习惯（如在家做饭，p<0.001）存在显著正相关。总饮食习惯与女性呈显著负相关（p<0.001）。有必要鼓励美国成年人在日常生活中保持他们自 2020 年 3 月以来养成的积极饮食和生活方式习惯。未来的研究应调查这些习惯对其长期健康的影响，以及持续保持积极的饮食和生活方式习惯的必要性。
