Loo Wan Teng, Chua Kah-Ooi, Mazumdar Purabi, Cheng Acga, Osman Normaniza, Harikrishna Jennifer Ann
Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Oct 27;11(21):2875. doi: 10.3390/plants11212875.
Climate change is likely to have severe impacts on food security in the topics as these regions of the world have both the highest human populations and narrower climatic niches, which reduce the diversity of suitable crops. Legume crops are of particular importance to food security, supplying dietary protein for humans both directly and in their use for feed and forage. Other than the rhizobia associated with legumes, soil microbes, in particular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), can mitigate the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses, offering an important complementary measure to protect crop yields. This review presents current knowledge on AMF, highlights their beneficial role, and explores the potential for application of AMF in mitigating abiotic and biotic challenges for tropical legumes. Due to the relatively little study on tropical legume species compared to their temperate growing counterparts, much further research is needed to determine how similar AMF-plant interactions are in tropical legumes, which AMF species are optimal for agricultural deployment and especially to identify anaerobic AMF species that could be used to mitigate flood stress in tropical legume crop farming. These opportunities for research also require international cooperation and support, to realize the promise of tropical legume crops to contribute to future food security.
气候变化可能会对热带地区的粮食安全产生严重影响，因为世界上这些地区的人口密度最高，气候生态位较窄，这降低了适宜作物的多样性。豆类作物对粮食安全尤为重要，它们直接为人类提供膳食蛋白质，同时还用于饲料和草料。除了与豆类相关的根瘤菌外，土壤微生物，特别是丛枝菌根真菌（AMF），可以减轻生物和非生物胁迫的影响，为保护作物产量提供重要的补充措施。本综述介绍了关于AMF的现有知识，强调了它们的有益作用，并探讨了AMF在缓解热带豆类作物的非生物和生物挑战方面的应用潜力。由于与温带豆类相比，对热带豆类物种的研究相对较少，因此需要进一步开展大量研究，以确定AMF与热带豆类植物的相互作用有多相似，哪些AMF物种最适合农业应用，特别是要确定可用于缓解热带豆类作物种植中洪水胁迫的厌氧AMF物种。这些研究机会也需要国际合作与支持，以实现热带豆类作物为未来粮食安全做出贡献的前景。
