Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394000 Voronezh, Russia.
Laboratory of Sensors and Determination of Gas-Forming Impurities, Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Nov 5;22(21):8529. doi: 10.3390/s22218529.
When developing methods for diagnosing pathologies and diseases in humans and animals using electronic noses, one of the important trends is the miniaturization of devices, while maintaining significant information for diagnostic purposes. A combination of several sorbents that have unique sorption features of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on one transducer is a possible option for the miniaturization of sensors for gas analysis. This paper considers the principles of creating polycomposite coatings on the electrodes of piezoelectric quartz resonators, including the choice of sorbents for the formation of sensitive layers, determining the mass and geometry of the formation of sensitive layers in a polycomposite coating, as well as an algorithm for processing the output data of sensors to obtain maximum information about the qualitative and quantitative composition of the gas phase. A comparative analysis of the efficiency and kinetics of VOC vapor sorption by sensors with polycomposite coatings and a set of sensors with relevant single coatings has been carried out. Regression equations have been obtained to predict the molar-specific sensitivity of the microbalance of VOC vapors by a sensor with a polycomposite coating of three sorbents with an error of 5-15% based on the results of the microbalance of VOC vapors on single coatings. A method for creating "visual prints" of sensor signals with polycomposite coatings is shown, with results comparable to those from an array of sensors. The parameters A are proposed for obtaining information on the qualitative composition of the gas phase when processing the output data of sensors with polycomposite coatings. A biochemical study of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples, a microbiological investigation of calf tracheal washes, and a clinical examination were conducted to assess the presence of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). An analysis of the gas phase over EBC samples with an array of sensors with polycomposite coatings was also carried out. The "visual prints" of the responses of sensors with polycomposite coatings and the results of the identification of VOCs in the gas phase over EBC samples were compared to the results of bacteriological studies of tracheal washes of the studied calves. A connection was found between the parameters A of a group of sensors with polycomposite coatings and the biochemical parameters of biosamples. The adequacy of replacing an array of piezoelectric sensors with single coatings by the sensors with polycomposite coatings is shown.
在利用电子鼻诊断人和动物的病理和疾病时，一个重要的趋势是设备的小型化，同时保持用于诊断目的的重要信息。将具有独特挥发性有机化合物（VOC）吸附特性的几种吸附剂组合在一个换能器上，是气体分析传感器小型化的一种可行选择。本文考虑了在压电石英谐振器电极上创建多复合材料涂层的原理，包括为形成敏感层选择吸附剂、确定多复合材料涂层中敏感层的质量和几何形状，以及处理传感器输出数据以获得有关气相定性和定量组成的最大信息的算法。对具有多复合材料涂层的传感器和一组具有相关单涂层的传感器的 VOC 蒸气吸附效率和动力学进行了比较分析。基于单涂层上 VOC 蒸气的微天平的结果，获得了回归方程，以预测具有三种吸附剂的多复合材料涂层的传感器对 VOC 蒸气的摩尔比灵敏度，误差为 5-15%。展示了一种具有多复合材料涂层的传感器信号“视觉印记”的创建方法，其结果与传感器阵列的结果相当。提出了参数 A，用于在处理多复合材料涂层传感器的输出数据时获取有关气相定性组成的信息。进行了牛呼气冷凝物（EBC）样本的生化研究、小牛气管冲洗的微生物学研究和临床检查，以评估牛呼吸疾病（BRD）的存在。还对具有多复合材料涂层的传感器阵列的 EBC 样本的气相进行了分析。将多复合材料涂层传感器的响应“视觉印记”与 EBC 样本气相中 VOC 的识别结果与研究小牛气管冲洗的细菌学研究结果进行了比较。发现参数 A 与多复合材料涂层组传感器的生化参数之间存在联系。还证明了用多复合材料涂层传感器代替单涂层传感器阵列的合理性。
