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植物分子制药与植物衍生化合物用于研发抗冠状病毒疫苗和治疗药物

Plant Molecular Pharming and Plant-Derived Compounds towards Generation of Vaccines and Therapeutics against Coronaviruses.

作者信息

Venkataraman Srividhya

机构信息

Virology Laboratory, Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada.

出版信息

Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Oct 26;10(11):1805. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10111805.

Abstract

The current century has witnessed infections of pandemic proportions caused by Coronaviruses (CoV) including severe acute respiratory syndrome-related CoV (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-related CoV (MERS-CoV) and the recently identified SARS-CoV2. Significantly, the SARS-CoV2 outbreak, declared a pandemic in early 2020, has wreaked devastation and imposed intense pressure on medical establishments world-wide in a short time period by spreading at a rapid pace, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, there is a compelling need to combat and contain the CoV infections. The current review addresses the unique features of the molecular virology of major Coronaviruses that may be tractable towards antiviral targeting and design of novel preventative and therapeutic intervention strategies. Plant-derived vaccines, in particular oral vaccines, afford safer, effectual and low-cost avenues to develop antivirals and fast response vaccines, requiring minimal infrastructure and trained personnel for vaccine administration in developing countries. This review article discusses recent developments in the generation of plant-based vaccines, therapeutic/drug molecules, monoclonal antibodies and phytochemicals to preclude and combat infections caused by SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 viruses. Efficacious plant-derived antivirals could contribute significantly to combating emerging and re-emerging pathogenic CoV infections and help stem the tide of any future pandemics.

摘要

本世纪见证了由冠状病毒(CoV)引起的大流行感染,包括严重急性呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)、中东呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)以及最近发现的SARS-CoV2。值得注意的是,2020年初宣布为大流行的SARS-CoV2疫情,在短时间内迅速蔓延,造成了严重破坏,并给全球医疗机构带来了巨大压力,导致高发病率和高死亡率。因此,迫切需要对抗和控制冠状病毒感染。本综述阐述了主要冠状病毒分子病毒学的独特特征,这些特征可能有助于抗病毒靶点的研究以及新型预防和治疗干预策略的设计。植物源疫苗,特别是口服疫苗,为开发抗病毒药物和快速反应疫苗提供了更安全、有效且低成本的途径,在发展中国家进行疫苗接种时所需的基础设施和专业人员最少。这篇综述文章讨论了基于植物的疫苗、治疗性/药物分子、单克隆抗体和植物化学物质在预防和对抗由SARS-CoV、MERS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2病毒引起的感染方面的最新进展。有效的植物源抗病毒药物可在对抗新出现和再次出现的致病性冠状病毒感染方面发挥重要作用,并有助于遏制未来任何大流行的浪潮。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cf85/9699630/fe9509d4af1b/vaccines-10-01805-g001.jpg

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