Aquaculture Laboratory, National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Khniss Street, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
UR - Analysis and Process Applied to the Environment (UR17ES32), Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Monastir Tunisia, Mahdia, Tunisia E-mail:
J Water Health. 2022 Feb;20(2):369-384. doi: 10.2166/wh.2022.243.
Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gram-negative bacterium ubiquitous in seawater or estuarine water throughout the world. It is a major cause of seafood gastroenteritis complications. In this study, the presence of V. parahaemolyticus was investigated in 66 seawater samples collected during 2018 from 15 stations spread along the Tunisian coast using selective media including CHROMagar Vibrio media. The results show that only eight samples contained V. parahaemolyticus. However, while Vibrio alginolyticus was detected in all samples; both Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio vulnificus were not found. Nine of the presumed V. parahaemolyticus colonies were purified on tryptic soy agar from eight positive samples then identified by the API 20E biochemical test and confirmed by the presence of a specific target toxR gene. The detection of virulence genes, thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh) and thermostable-related haemolysin (trh), by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed the presence of only two trh-positive isolates. The assessment of antibiotic susceptibility of the V. parahaemolyticus isolated revealed a complete resistance to colistin, amikacin, penicillin and cefotaxime and a total sensitivity to chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim with a multiple antibiotic resistance index (MAR) ranging from 0.4 to 0.5.
副溶血性弧菌是一种革兰氏阴性细菌，在世界各地的海水或河口水中普遍存在。它是导致海鲜性肠胃炎并发症的主要原因。在这项研究中，使用包括 CHROMagar Vibrio 培养基在内的选择性培养基，对 2018 年从突尼斯沿海 15 个站点采集的 66 个海水样本进行了副溶血性弧菌的检测。结果表明，只有 8 个样本中含有副溶血性弧菌。然而，虽然所有样本中均检测到了 Alginate 降解弧菌；但霍乱弧菌和创伤弧菌均未发现。从 8 个阳性样本的胰蛋白酶大豆琼脂上纯化了 9 个假定的副溶血性弧菌菌落，然后通过 API 20E 生化试验进行鉴定，并通过存在特定靶标 toxR 基因进行确认。通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测毒力基因，耐热直接溶血素（tdh）和耐热相关溶血素（trh），发现只有两个 trh 阳性分离株。对分离的副溶血性弧菌的抗生素敏感性评估显示，对粘菌素、阿米卡星、青霉素和头孢噻肟完全耐药，对氯霉素、呋喃妥因和磺胺甲恶唑-甲氧苄啶完全敏感，抗生素耐药指数（MAR）范围为 0.4 至 0.5。
