Otsuka Yuichiro, Kaneita Yoshitaka, Tanaka Katsutoshi, Itani Osamu, Matsumoto Yuuki, Kuriyama Kenichi
Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamimachi, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan.
Sleep Med. 2023 Jan;101:99-105. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.10.025. Epub 2022 Oct 28.
Nonrestorative sleep (NRS) is common in the general global population. This study surveyed the incident/remission rate of NRS and identified related lifestyle factors in a general Japanese adult cohort.
Data from a Japanese health check-based cohort between the fiscal years 2011 and 2018 were obtained. NRS was assessed through a single item question, and socio-demographic and clinical data were assessed through self-reports. To identify potential correlates of NRS incidence/remission, Cox regression analysis (or survival analysis) was performed.
Among the 135 609 individuals surveyed at baseline, data from 93 548 were considered for analysis. NRS exhibited incidence and remission rates of 11.3% and 15.4%, respectively. New NRS incidence was predicted by eating fast (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.10), dining close to bedtime (HR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.27-1.38), midnight snacking (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04-1.13), skipping breakfast (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.10-1.22), non-regular exercise (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.07-1.17), lower levels of physical activity (HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.14-1.24), and slow walking speed (HR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.29-1.39), while heavy drinking was less predictive of NRS. However, the same factors (except for heavy drinking) were found to predict NRS remission.
We found that unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, particularly dining close to bedtime and slow walking speed, were positively associated with NRS incidence, while they were negatively associated with NRS remission. These results can be useful in developing more effective health promotion policies to achieve good sleep.
非恢复性睡眠（NRS）在全球普通人群中很常见。本研究调查了日本普通成年队列中NRS的发生率/缓解率，并确定了相关的生活方式因素。
获取了2011财年至2018财年期间一个基于日本健康检查的队列的数据。通过单项问题评估NRS，通过自我报告评估社会人口统计学和临床数据。为了确定NRS发生/缓解的潜在相关因素，进行了Cox回归分析（或生存分析）。
在基线调查的135609人中，93548人的数据被纳入分析。NRS的发生率和缓解率分别为11.3%和15.4%。快速进食（风险比[HR]：1.07，95%置信区间[CI]：1.04 - 1.10）、临睡前用餐（HR：1.33，95%CI：1.27 - 1.38）、吃夜宵（HR：1.09，95%CI：1.04 - 1.13）、不吃早餐（HR：1.16，95%CI：1.10 - 1.22）、不定期锻炼（HR：1.12，95%CI：1.07 - 1.17）、身体活动水平较低（HR：1.19，95%CI：1.14 - 1.24）和步行速度慢（HR：1.34，95%CI：1.29 - 1.39）可预测新的NRS发生，而大量饮酒对NRS的预测性较低。然而，发现相同的因素（大量饮酒除外）可预测NRS缓解。
我们发现不健康的生活方式行为，尤其是临睡前用餐和步行速度慢，与NRS发生呈正相关，而与NRS缓解呈负相关。这些结果有助于制定更有效的健康促进政策以实现良好睡眠。
