Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Nov 11;22(1):2066. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-14495-w.
One of the most important consequences of man-made disasters in the world is the loss of homes and, ultimately, forced population displacement. The sheltering of forcibly refugees to safe areas requires the study of scientific criteria.
This qualitative content analysis study was conducted in Iran to identify the criteria for the sheltering of refugees due to conflict. Participants in the study comprised experts and managers who had expertise, experience, or knowledge in the shelter for refugees. Data was collected in semi-structured interviews with 20 individuals and analyzed by qualitative content analysis to extract and categorize the factors affecting sheltering for refugees.
The results of this study showed that a wide range of factors should be considered in the sheltering of refugees due to conflict, including land type, access to facilities, access to infrastructures, homogeneity, and similarities, security, distance from danger, environmental factors, economic issues, and political and legal issues. These nine categories covered 53 subcategories and 188 factors.
The comprehensiveness of the factors mentioned in this study showed that the sheltering of refugees due to conflict requires planning, training, culture building, promoting readiness, and inter-organizational coordination. Moreover, managers, policymakers, decision-makers in relief agencies, humanitarian organizations, and organizations involved in sheltering of refugees due to conflict should attend to these factors to improve the process and prevent problems.
人为灾害对世界造成的最重要后果之一是家园被毁，最终导致被迫人口流离失所。将被迫难民安置到安全地区需要研究科学标准。
本研究是在伊朗进行的一项定性内容分析研究，旨在确定因冲突而安置难民的标准。研究参与者包括在难民收容方面具有专业知识、经验或知识的专家和管理人员。采用半结构化访谈的方式，对 20 名参与者进行了数据收集，并通过定性内容分析对数据进行了分析，以提取和分类影响难民收容的因素。
本研究结果表明，在因冲突而安置难民时，需要考虑包括土地类型、设施可达性、基础设施可达性、同质性和相似性、安全性、远离危险、环境因素、经济问题以及政治和法律问题在内的广泛因素。这九个类别涵盖了 53 个子类别和 188 个因素。
本研究中提到的因素的全面性表明，因冲突而安置难民需要规划、培训、文化建设、提高准备度和组织间协调。此外，管理人员、政策制定者、救援机构、人道主义组织和参与因冲突而安置难民的组织的决策者应该关注这些因素，以改善这一过程并预防问题的发生。
