Rogantini Chiara, Provenzi Livio, Borgatti Renato, Mensi Martina
Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Developmental Psychobiology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2022 Nov 11;21(1):43. doi: 10.1186/s12991-022-00422-1.
A growing body of research provides evidence for social and behavioral problems observed among adolescents with psychosis and also as precursors of vulnerability to psychosis, long before the illness onset, especially in females patients. As such, the main aim of the current study was to investigate from a patient perspective the presence of differences in the behavioral problems self-disclosed by psychotic, clinically high-risk, and non-psychotic adolescents. Moreover, since adolescent girls may present higher risk of internalizing problems, we explored the additional role of sex in interaction with psychotic risk or clinical condition in altering the self-disclosed severity of behavioral problems among the three groups of adolescents.
One-hundred and fifty-eight adolescent patients were interviewed by a trained child neuropsychiatrist applying the Comprehensive Assessment of At Risk Mental States in order to identify a quantitative index of risk for full-blown and attenuated psychosis. All patients self-reported on their behavioral problems filing in the well-validated Italian version of the Youth Self-Report, which quantifies internalizing, externalizing, and total behavioral problems.
Regarding Youth Self-Report's scores, non-psychotic adolescents had reported lower total and internalizing scores compared to clinically high-risk and psychotic counterparts. Additionally, in our sample a significant group × sex interaction effect emerged for total and internalizing scores: females reported greater risk of total and internalizing behavioral problems, only in the clinically high-risk group.
Higher variability should be expected in the behavioral profile of high-risk adolescents in comparison to psychotic ones. Elevations of internalizing behavioral symptoms, thus, might be considered as a much more relevant risk factor in girls during adolescence.
越来越多的研究为精神病青少年中观察到的社会和行为问题提供了证据，这些问题也是在疾病发作前很久就易患精神病的先兆，尤其是在女性患者中。因此，本研究的主要目的是从患者角度调查精神病青少年、临床高危青少年和非精神病青少年自我披露的行为问题存在的差异。此外，由于青春期女孩可能存在更高的内化问题风险，我们探讨了性别在与精神病风险或临床状况相互作用时对三组青少年自我披露的行为问题严重程度的额外影响。
一名经过培训的儿童神经精神科医生对158名青少年患者进行了访谈，应用《高危精神状态综合评估》来确定全面发作和轻度精神病风险的定量指标。所有患者通过填写经过充分验证的意大利语版《青少年自我报告》来自我报告他们的行为问题，该报告对内化、外化和总行为问题进行量化。
关于《青少年自我报告》的得分，与临床高危和精神病青少年相比，非精神病青少年报告的总得分和内化得分较低。此外，在我们的样本中，总得分和内化得分出现了显著的组×性别交互作用效应：仅在临床高危组中，女性报告的总行为问题和内化行为问题风险更高。
与精神病青少年相比，高危青少年的行为特征预计会有更高的变异性。因此，内化行为症状的升高可能被认为是青春期女孩更相关的风险因素。
