Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterial Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2023 Aug;25(4):734-742. doi: 10.1111/cid.13152. Epub 2022 Nov 14.
The restoration of dental implants presents a unique challenge due to the intrinsic biomechanical differences between osseointegrated implants and natural teeth, and their subsequent responses to occlusal loading. However, controversy exists regarding the role that occlusion plays in the physiology of the peri-implant complex.
To provide an overview of the scientific literature regarding occlusion as it relates to implant dentistry and peri-implant disease.
This article presents a narrative review on occlusal loading and its potential effects on the peri-implant complex, as well as some generally accepted guidelines for occlusion in implant dentistry.
Although there is strong evidence linking occlusal factors to mechanical complications of dental implants, the same cannot be said regarding biological complications. There is no clear scientific evidence on the relationship between occlusal overload and peri-implant disease. However, occlusal overload may be an accelerating factor for peri-implant disease in the presence of inflammation. As the biomechanical properties of dental implants differ from that of the natural dentition, modifications to classic concepts of occlusion may be necessary when dental implants are involved. Thus, clinical recommendations are proposed which function to minimize unfavorable occlusal forces on implant restorations and reduce the associated biological and mechanical complications.
由于骨整合种植体与天然牙之间内在的生物力学差异，以及它们对咬合加载的后续反应，种植体的修复带来了独特的挑战。然而，关于咬合在种植体周围复合体生理学中的作用存在争议。
提供有关咬合与种植体牙科和种植体周围疾病的科学文献综述。
本文对咬合加载及其对种植体周围复合体的潜在影响进行了叙述性综述，并介绍了一些在种植体牙科中普遍接受的咬合准则。
虽然有强有力的证据表明咬合因素与牙种植体的机械并发症有关，但对于生物并发症却不能这样说。关于咬合过载与种植体周围疾病之间的关系尚无明确的科学证据。然而，在存在炎症的情况下，咬合过载可能是种植体周围疾病的加速因素。由于牙种植体的生物力学特性与天然牙不同，因此在涉及牙种植体时，可能需要对经典的咬合概念进行修改。因此，提出了临床建议，旨在最大限度地减少对种植体修复体的不利咬合力，并减少相关的生物和机械并发症。
