Gholamreza Shokraei, Agop-Forna Doriana, Dascălu Cristina, Forna Norina
Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Clin Pract. 2025 Jul 17;15(7):133. doi: 10.3390/clinpract15070133.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Complications of edentulism include bone resorption, muscular dysfunction, temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ), and stomatognathic system dysfunctional syndrome (SSDS). The objectives of the study were as follows: to analyze the distribution of edentulism complications related to sociodemographic and clinical parameters and to quantify the strength of relationships between edentulism complications and these socio-demographic or clinical variables.
This cross-sectional study investigated 150 edentulous subjects (mean age 61.54 +/- 8.99 years) scheduled for hybrid prosthetic therapy. The distribution of edentulism complications was assessed in relation to sex-specific and age-specific patterns, edentulism location (maxillary vs. mandibular), edentulism extension (partial reduced, partial extended, subtotal, complete edentulism), and Kennedy classification (class I vs. class II vs. class IV). Cramér's V was used to measure the strength of the association between edentulism complications and sociodemographic and clinical factors.
The most prevalent complications were more frequent in males-bone resorption (74.2% vs. 40.9%), malocclusion (97.5% vs. 84.9%), TMJ disorders (74.2% vs. 57.0%), muscular disorders (62.5% vs. 31.2%), dyshomeostasis (64.2% vs. 31.2%), and SSDS (79.2% vs. 53.8%). The most relevant associations were found between age group and clinical variables such as irregular ridge (Cramer's V = 0.737), long/thick frenum (0.711), and SSDS (0.544), while edentulism category was strongly associated with irregular ridge (0.585), TMJ disorders (0.493), and bone resorption (0.492).
The type and stage of edentulism emerged as key determinants of complication severity, with complete and subtotal edentulism being associated with the highest rates of muscular and temporomandibular joint dysfunctions.
背景/目的：无牙颌的并发症包括骨质吸收、肌肉功能障碍、颞下颌关节紊乱（TMJ）和口颌系统功能障碍综合征（SSDS）。本研究的目的如下：分析与社会人口统计学和临床参数相关的无牙颌并发症的分布情况，并量化无牙颌并发症与这些社会人口统计学或临床变量之间关系的强度。
本横断面研究调查了150例计划接受混合义齿修复治疗的无牙颌患者（平均年龄61.54±8.99岁）。评估了无牙颌并发症的分布情况，涉及性别和年龄特异性模式、无牙颌部位（上颌与下颌）、无牙颌范围（部分缺牙减少型、部分缺牙扩展型、次全口无牙、全口无牙）以及肯尼迪分类（I类与II类与IV类）。使用克莱默V系数来衡量无牙颌并发症与社会人口统计学和临床因素之间关联的强度。
最常见的并发症在男性中更为频繁——骨质吸收（74.2%对40.9%）、错牙合（97.5%对84.9%）、颞下颌关节紊乱（74.2%对57.0%）、肌肉紊乱（62.5%对31.2%）、内环境稳态失调（64.2%对31.2%）和口颌系统功能障碍综合征（79.2%对53.8%）。在年龄组与临床变量如不规则牙槽嵴（克莱默V系数 = 0.737）、长/粗系带（0.711）和口颌系统功能障碍综合征（0.544）之间发现了最相关的关联，而无牙颌类型与不规则牙槽嵴（0.585）、颞下颌关节紊乱（0.493）和骨质吸收（0.492）密切相关。
无牙颌的类型和阶段是并发症严重程度的关键决定因素，全口无牙和次全口无牙与肌肉和颞下颌关节功能障碍的发生率最高相关。
