Emergency Department, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.
PLoS One. 2022 Nov 14;17(11):e0277418. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277418. eCollection 2022.
In 2017, accidents and other acts of violence were the fifth most common cause of death in Switzerland. Moreover, there are increasing numbers of refugees and asylum seekers (AS), who often exhibit distinct disease profiles from those of the natives of the host country. If these differences could be clearly identified, this might help to develop and implement strategies to prevent injuries in health care programs for refugees and asylum seekers. The aim of this study was to examine the types and characteristics of physical trauma profiles in patients from the two largest groups of AS in Switzerland-from Eastern Africa (EA) and the Middle East (ME)-who consulted a Swiss Emergency Department (ED) in 2017/2018. Furthermore, the physical trauma profiles of Swiss national (SN) patients were examined in order to explore potential differences.
Descriptive retrospective study of adult trauma patients consulting the ED of a Swiss University Hospital between 01/2017 and 12/2018. The study included 157 asylum seeking trauma patients from EA and ME were included in the study. These were matched by gender and age to 157 Swiss trauma patients consulting the ED in the study period.
There were significant differences between the groups with respect to type of admission, level of severity, localization and mechanisms of injury. While SN had higher levels of injuries related to road traffic or work, AS had higher levels of injuries related to attempted suicide or to assault.
There were differences between AS and the local population with respect to the characteristics and patterns of injury, so that strategies for preventing injuries and promoting health must be tailored to the target population. Moreover, the observed high rates of outpatient treatment for both groups underline the increasing role of EDs as primary care providers for the population served.
2017 年，事故和其他暴力行为是瑞士第五大常见死因。此外，越来越多的难民和寻求庇护者（AS），他们的疾病特征往往与东道国的本地人不同。如果这些差异能够明确识别，这可能有助于制定和实施战略，以防止在难民和寻求庇护者的医疗保健计划中受伤。本研究的目的是检查 2017/2018 年在瑞士最大的两个 AS 群体（来自东欧（EA）和中东（ME））中咨询瑞士急诊部（ED）的患者的身体创伤类型和特征。此外，还检查了瑞士国民（SN）患者的身体创伤特征，以探讨潜在的差异。
对 2017 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月期间在瑞士一家大学医院急诊部就诊的成年创伤患者进行描述性回顾性研究。研究包括 157 名来自 EA 和 ME 的寻求庇护的创伤患者。这些患者按照性别和年龄与同期在 ED 就诊的 157 名瑞士创伤患者相匹配。
在入院类型、严重程度水平、定位和损伤机制方面，两组之间存在显著差异。虽然 SN 因道路交通或工作相关的损伤程度较高，而 AS 因自杀未遂或袭击相关的损伤程度较高。
AS 与当地人群在损伤的特征和模式方面存在差异，因此预防损伤和促进健康的策略必须针对目标人群。此外，观察到两组的门诊治疗率都很高，这突显了急诊部作为服务人群的初级保健提供者的作用日益增加。
