Department of Pediatrics, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Kondapur, Hyderabad, India.
Department of Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2022 Nov 14;107(6):1245-1249. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0252. Print 2022 Dec 14.
A wide spectrum of cutaneous manifestations are reported in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). However, gangrenous changes are less frequently reported. A 3-year old boy, with a known case of unoperated tetralogy of Fallot, presented with a short history of fever, rash, and melena. The rash was black and diffuse, with a rapid progression. The patient was stable hemodynamically at admission, with pallor, grade II clubbing, edema, and oral ulcers. Inflammatory markers were raised. He developed gangrenous changes over the ears and acral areas. He had very high levels of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and was diagnosed as having MIS-C. Skin biopsy revealed near total epidermal necrosis with dermal vascular thrombi and negative immunofluorescence. Skin biopsy was positive for IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. He was treated with antibiotics, immunomodulation with steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, and plasmapheresis. He had features of both micro- and macroangiopathy. Gradually the child improved, with residual deformity.
儿童多系统炎症综合征(MIS-C)可出现广泛的皮肤表现。然而,坏疽性改变则较少见报告。一名 3 岁男孩患有未手术的法洛四联症,发热、皮疹和黑便病史较短。皮疹呈黑色且弥漫性,进展迅速。入院时患者血流动力学稳定,表现为面色苍白、II 级杵状指、水肿和口腔溃疡。炎症标志物升高。他的耳朵和肢端部位出现坏疽性改变。他对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)感染的抗体水平非常高,被诊断为 MIS-C。皮肤活检显示表皮几乎完全坏死,真皮血管血栓形成,免疫荧光为阴性。皮肤活检 SARS-CoV-2 的 IgG 抗体阳性。他接受了抗生素、类固醇免疫调节、静脉注射免疫球蛋白和血浆置换治疗。他既有微血管病又有大血管病的特征。患儿逐渐好转,但留有畸形。