Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Institute of Developmental Immunology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Cell Death Differ. 2023 Feb;30(2):293-303. doi: 10.1038/s41418-022-01082-0. Epub 2022 Nov 14.
Apoptosis is a regulated cellular pathway that ensures that a cell dies in a structured fashion to prevent negative consequences for the tissue or the organism. Dysfunctional apoptosis is a hallmark of numerous pathologies, and treatments for various diseases are successful based on the induction of apoptosis. Under homeostatic conditions, apoptosis is a non-inflammatory event, as the activation of caspases ensures that inflammatory pathways are disabled. However, there is an increasing understanding that under specific conditions, such as caspase inhibition, apoptosis and the apoptotic machinery can be re-wired into a process which is inflammatory. In this review we discuss how the death receptor and mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis can activate inflammation. Furthermore, we will highlight how cell death due to mitotic stress might be a special case when it comes to cell death and the induction of inflammation.
细胞凋亡是一种受调控的细胞通路，可确保细胞以有序的方式死亡，从而防止组织或机体产生负面后果。细胞凋亡功能障碍是许多病理的标志，并且基于诱导细胞凋亡，各种疾病的治疗是成功的。在稳态条件下，细胞凋亡是非炎症事件，因为半胱天冬酶的激活确保了炎症途径失活。但是，人们越来越认识到，在特定条件下，例如 caspase 抑制，细胞凋亡和凋亡机制可以重新编程为炎症过程。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了凋亡的死亡受体和线粒体途径如何激活炎症。此外，我们将重点介绍有丝分裂应激引起的细胞死亡在细胞死亡和炎症诱导方面可能是一个特殊情况。
