University of California, Los Angeles.
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA. 2022 Nov 15;328(19):1945-1950. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.20304.
Current prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the US is not well established; however, based on cohort and survey data, in 2007-2010 the estimated prevalence of at least mild OSA (defined as an apnea-hypoxia index [AHI] ≥5) plus symptoms of daytime sleepiness among adults aged 30 to 70 years was 14% for men and 5% for women, and the estimated prevalence of moderate to severe OSA (defined as AHI ≥15) was 13% for men and 6% for women. Severe OSA is associated with increased all-cause mortality. Other adverse health outcomes associated with untreated OSA include cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular events, type 2 diabetes, cognitive impairment, decreased quality of life, and motor vehicle crashes.
To update its 2017 recommendation, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) commissioned a systematic review to evaluate the benefits and harms of screening for OSA in adults.
Asymptomatic adults (18 years or older) and adults with unrecognized symptoms of OSA.
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for OSA in the general adult population.
The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for OSA in the general adult population. (I statement).
目前美国阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的流行率尚不清楚；然而，根据队列研究和调查数据，在 2007-2010 年，年龄在 30 至 70 岁之间的成年人中，至少有轻度 OSA（定义为呼吸暂停-低通气指数[AHI]≥5）加上日间嗜睡症状的估计患病率为男性 14%，女性 5%，中度至重度 OSA（定义为 AHI≥15）的估计患病率为男性 13%，女性 6%。严重 OSA 与全因死亡率增加有关。未经治疗的 OSA 相关的其他不良健康后果包括心血管疾病和脑血管事件、2 型糖尿病、认知障碍、生活质量下降和机动车事故。
为更新其 2017 年的建议，美国预防服务工作组（USPSTF）委托进行了一项系统评价，以评估成人 OSA 筛查的益处和危害。
无症状成年人（18 岁或以上）和患有未识别 OSA 症状的成年人。
USPSTF 得出的结论是，目前的证据不足以评估在普通成年人群中筛查 OSA 的利弊平衡。
USPSTF 得出的结论是，目前的证据不足以评估在普通成年人群中筛查 OSA 的利弊平衡。（I 级声明）。
