Asrate Wendye, Admasie Amha, Shibabaw Tebkew
Degollo Health Center, South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2022 Nov 1;8(11):e11325. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11325. eCollection 2022 Nov.
Sanitation marketing is an approach to increase access to the improved latrine on a large scale which helps households to promote proper utilization of sanitary facilities. It helps to close the huge sanitation access gap in developing countries like Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess households' access to an improved latrine and its associated factors among sanitation marketing product users and non-users in Dessie Zuria District, Northeast Amhara, Ethiopia. A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 640 households, in 2021. Multi-stage sampling techniques and a structured questionnaire were used. Data were checked, coded, and entered into Epi-info version 7 and exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0 for analysis. Binary logistic regression was employed to determine factors associated with improved latrine access. The study revealed that overall 59.8% of the households had access to improved latrines. Of this, 75.2% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 70, 80) of households were Sanitation marketing products users; and 44.2% (95% CI: 39, 50) of households were from non-users of Sanitation marketing products. Being female household head, Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR = 4.3, 95% CI: 1.69, 10.59); urban residence, AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.23, 5.19; water access, AOR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.63, 6.57 were significantly associated with access to the improved latrine in sanitation marketing products users households, while being a female household head, AOR = 7.3, 95% CI: 3.68, 14.39; urban residence, AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.64, 4.77; water access, AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.44, 4.10 were significantly associated with access to the improved latrine in non-user households of sanitation marketing products. Access to improved latrines is still a big problem in both households of sanitation marketing product users and sanitation marketing product non-users. Gender, residence, water access, supportive supervision, knowledge, and availability of sanitation hardware stores were found to be significant predictors of household access to an improved latrine. Hence, evaluating policies and strategies of sanitation marketing approach on improved sanitation facilities is recommended.
环境卫生营销是一种大规模增加使用改良厕所机会的方法，有助于家庭促进对卫生设施的合理利用。它有助于缩小像埃塞俄比亚这样的发展中国家巨大的环境卫生获取差距。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉东北部德西祖里亚区环境卫生营销产品使用者和非使用者家庭使用改良厕所的情况及其相关因素。2021年，在640户家庭中开展了一项基于社区的比较横断面研究。采用多阶段抽样技术和结构化问卷。数据经过检查、编码，录入Epi-info 7版本，并导出到社会科学统计软件包23.0进行分析。采用二元逻辑回归确定与使用改良厕所相关的因素。研究显示，总体上59.8%的家庭能够使用改良厕所。其中，75.2%（95%置信区间（CI）：70，80）的家庭是环境卫生营销产品使用者；44.2%（95%CI：39，50）的家庭是非环境卫生营销产品使用者。在环境卫生营销产品使用者家庭中，女性户主（调整优势比（AOR）=4.3，95%CI：1.69，10.59）、城市居住（AOR=2.5，95%CI：1.23，5.19）、有水可用（AOR=3.3，95%CI：1.63，6.57）与使用改良厕所显著相关；而在非环境卫生营销产品使用者家庭中，女性户主（AOR=7.3，95%CI：3.68，14.39）、城市居住（AOR=2.8，95%CI：1.64，4.77）、有水可用（AOR=2.4，95%CI：1.44，4.10）与使用改良厕所显著相关。在环境卫生营销产品使用者家庭和非使用者家庭中，使用改良厕所仍然是一个大问题。性别、居住地点、是否有水可用、支持性监督、知识以及卫生洁具商店的可及性被发现是家庭使用改良厕所的重要预测因素。因此，建议评估环境卫生营销方法在改善卫生设施方面的政策和策略。
