Mao Di, Zheng Yuan, Xu Fenfen, Han Xiao, Zhao Hongyang
Department of Pediatrics, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Department of Pediatrics, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
Front Neurol. 2022 Oct 31;13:1029891. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1029891. eCollection 2022.
High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear protein associated with early inflammatory changes upon extracellular secretion expressed in various cells, including neurons and microglia. With the progress of research, neuroinflammation is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases such as Parkinson's, epilepsy, and autism. As a key promoter of neuroinflammation, HMGB1 is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, autism, depression, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, in the clinic, HMGB1 has not been described as a biomarker for the above-mentioned diseases. However, the current preclinical research results show that HMGB1 antagonists have positive significance in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, and other diseases. This review discusses the possible mechanisms by which HMGB1 mediates Parkinson's disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury, epilepsy, autism, depression, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and the potential of HMGB1 as a biomarker for these diseases. Future research needs to further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical translation.
高迁移率族蛋白B1（HMGB1）是一种核蛋白，在包括神经元和小胶质细胞在内的各种细胞中表达，细胞外分泌时与早期炎症变化相关。随着研究的进展，神经炎症被认为与帕金森病、癫痫和自闭症等神经疾病的发病机制有关。作为神经炎症的关键促进因子，HMGB1被认为参与帕金森病、中风、创伤性脑损伤、癫痫、自闭症、抑郁症、多发性硬化症和肌萎缩侧索硬化症的发病机制。然而，在临床上，HMGB1尚未被描述为上述疾病的生物标志物。不过，目前的临床前研究结果表明，HMGB1拮抗剂在帕金森病、中风、创伤性脑损伤、癫痫等疾病的治疗中具有积极意义。本综述讨论了HMGB1介导帕金森病、中风、创伤性脑损伤、癫痫、自闭症、抑郁症、多发性硬化症、肌萎缩侧索硬化症的可能机制，以及HMGB1作为这些疾病生物标志物的潜力。未来的研究需要进一步探索潜在的分子机制和临床转化。
