Sanz-García Ana, Peña Fernández María Elena, García-Vera María Paz, Sanz Jesús
Department of Personality, Assessment, and Clinical Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2022 Oct 28;13:997303. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.997303. eCollection 2022.
The main objective of this work is to examine the prevalence of psychopathy in the general adult population from the main currently existing theoretical perspectives of psychopathy, using for this purpose the five-factor or Big Five model as a common language that allows the comparison and integration of the personality traits considered as defining psychopathy by these different perspectives. The NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO PI-R) was applied to a sample of 682 adults of the general Spanish population. The prevalence of clinical and subclinical psychopathy was calculated according to six different definitions of these two constructs based on Hare's, Lilienfeld's, triarchic, and DSM-5-hybrid models, and the simultaneous presence of a minimum number of personality traits that differed from the sample mean by one standard deviation. Prevalence rates for the different definitions were consistently low, indicating that the prevalence of clinical psychopathy in the general Spanish population is around 0.55%, and that of subclinical psychopathy is around 1.65%. There were no significant sex differences in the prevalence of psychopathy. These results question the alarmist claims that warn about the existence in society of a very high number of people with psychopathy who can cause many social, economic, physical, and psychological damage to others.
这项工作的主要目标是从目前关于精神变态的主要理论视角出发，研究普通成年人群中精神变态的患病率。为此，使用五因素或大五人格模型作为通用语言，以便比较和整合这些不同视角下被视为精神变态定义特征的人格特质。对682名西班牙普通成年人群样本施测了《修订版NEO人格量表》（NEO PI-R）。根据基于黑尔、利林菲尔德、三元和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版混合模型的这两种结构的六种不同定义，以及同时存在的最少数量的与样本均值相差一个标准差的人格特质，计算临床和亚临床精神变态的患病率。不同定义的患病率一直很低，表明西班牙普通人群中临床精神变态的患病率约为0.55%，亚临床精神变态的患病率约为1.65%。精神变态的患病率不存在显著的性别差异。这些结果对那些危言耸听的说法提出了质疑，这些说法警告说社会上存在大量精神变态者，他们会对他人造成许多社会、经济、身体和心理伤害。
