Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 455, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Sportrehab Sports Medicine Clinic, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2023 Feb;31(2):596-607. doi: 10.1007/s00167-022-07230-w. Epub 2022 Nov 19.
To characterise patients who had returned to their pre-injury physical activity (PA) or higher at 18 months and maintained that level of PA 3-5 years after the primary ACL reconstruction and to describe the level, frequency, and type of PA participation during the first 5 years after ACL reconstruction METHOD: Data, from follow-ups at 18 months and 3-5 years after an ACL reconstruction, were extracted from a rehabilitation-specific register. Patients, 15-65 years of age, were included. The data comprised patient-reported outcomes and the results from two questions with respect to the level, frequency, and type of PA. Comparisons were made between patients who had and had not maintained their pre-injury level of PA at the follow-up 3-5 years after an ACL reconstruction.
A total of 272 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean follow-up time was 3.8 years (min-max: 2.9-5.1) after the ACL reconstruction. Of patients who had returned to their pre-injury or a higher level of PA at the 18 month follow-up (n = 114), 68% (n = 78) maintained that level at the 3- to 5-year follow-up after ACL reconstruction. These patients reported a higher level of psychological readiness to return to sport (98 versus 79; p = 0.013). Moreover, these patients were 6.0 years older (p = 0.016) and were characterised by male sex (56% versus 44%; p = 0.028) and a lower level of pre-injury PA (p = 0.013). At the follow-up 3-5 years after the ACL reconstruction, more than 90% met the recommendations for PA. However, the prevalence of physical inactivity had increased and the involvement in organised PA had decreased compared with the 18-month follow-up.
Two out of three patients who have returned to their previous level of PA at 18 months can be expected to maintain that level, 3-5 years following ACL reconstruction. These patients were mainly characterised by a higher level of psychological readiness, especially in patients who participated in knee-strenuous sport and were younger than 20 years of age. The results of this study suggest that patients become more physically inactive over time, implicating the importance of clinicians helping patients find a suitable PA that may help patients maintain an active lifestyle.
描述 18 个月时恢复到受伤前体力活动（PA）或更高水平，并在初次 ACL 重建后 3-5 年内保持该水平的患者，并描述 ACL 重建后 5 年内 PA 参与的水平、频率和类型。
从 ACL 重建后 18 个月和 3-5 年的康复特定登记处提取数据。年龄在 15-65 岁之间的患者被纳入。数据包括患者报告的结果以及关于 PA 水平、频率和类型的两个问题的结果。比较 ACL 重建后 3-5 年随访时是否保持受伤前 PA 水平的患者。
共有 272 名患者符合纳入标准。ACL 重建后的平均随访时间为 3.8 年（最小-最大：2.9-5.1）。在 18 个月的随访中恢复到受伤前或更高水平 PA 的患者中（n=114），68%（n=78）在 ACL 重建后 3-5 年的随访中保持了该水平。这些患者报告说他们的心理准备好重返运动的水平更高（98%比 79%；p=0.013）。此外，这些患者年龄大 6.0 岁（p=0.016），以男性（56%比 44%；p=0.028）和较低的受伤前 PA 水平为特征（p=0.013）。在 ACL 重建后 3-5 年的随访中，超过 90%的患者符合 PA 建议。然而，与 18 个月的随访相比，体力活动不足的比例增加，参加有组织的 PA 的比例下降。
18 个月时恢复到受伤前 PA 水平的患者中，约有三分之二可以预期在 ACL 重建后 3-5 年内保持该水平。这些患者主要以较高的心理准备为特征，尤其是在参加膝部剧烈运动且年龄小于 20 岁的患者中。本研究结果表明，随着时间的推移，患者变得更加不活跃，这意味着临床医生帮助患者找到合适的 PA 以帮助患者保持积极的生活方式非常重要。
