Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná- Campus CEDETEG, Guarapuava, PR, Brazil.
Instituto Federal Catarinense - Campus Concórdia, SC, Brazil.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2022 Dec;254:110520. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110520. Epub 2022 Nov 15.
The placental structure of sows is epitheliochorial and prevents maternal serum immunoglobulin transfer to the fetus; therefore, the piglet relies on the ingestion of colostrum to acquire passive immunity. Colostral antibody-mediated and cell-mediated immunity contribute to immunity in piglets. However, little is known about the effects of freezing at -20 °C on colostral immune components during short-term storage, whether this will somehow compromise the acquisition of passive immunity of newborn piglets fed with this colostrum and the humoral immunity in porcine colostrum, and to possible shifts in immunological levels in colostrum collections during the colostral period. Based on the average concentration of immunoglobulin, frozen and fresh colostrum did not differ significantly. Overall, there were no storage differences in total macrophages, granulocytes, and NK cells. However, the frozen colostrum presented T lymphocyte subsets and B lymphocytes significantly lower than the fresh colostrum (p ≤ 0.05). Therefore, to sustain higher piglet survival rates, B cells may be a selective strategy to ensure immune defense to neonatal piglets. According to our findings, colostrum can be stored by freezing at -20 °C for up to 30 days and surplus porcine colostrum can be collected from the sow up to eight hours after the start of farrowing.
猪的胎盘结构为上皮绒毛膜，阻止母血清免疫球蛋白转移到胎儿；因此，仔猪依靠摄入初乳来获得被动免疫。初乳抗体介导的和细胞介导的免疫有助于仔猪的免疫。然而，关于在 -20°C 下短期储存期间冷冻对初乳免疫成分的影响知之甚少，这是否会以某种方式损害用这种初乳喂养的新生仔猪获得被动免疫的能力以及猪初乳中的体液免疫，以及在初乳期初乳收集过程中免疫水平可能发生的变化。基于免疫球蛋白的平均浓度，冷冻和新鲜初乳之间没有显著差异。总体而言，总巨噬细胞、粒细胞和自然杀伤细胞在储存方面没有差异。然而，冷冻初乳中的 T 淋巴细胞亚群和 B 淋巴细胞明显低于新鲜初乳（p≤0.05）。因此，为了维持更高的仔猪存活率，B 细胞可能是确保新生仔猪免疫防御的一种选择性策略。根据我们的发现，初乳可以在 -20°C 下冷冻储存长达 30 天，并且可以在分娩开始后长达 8 小时从母猪中收集多余的猪初乳。
