Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Microb Pathog. 2023 Jan;174:105888. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105888. Epub 2022 Nov 17.
The emergence of Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a global problem nowadays, causing health difficulty with increasing mortality rates, which doesn't have a verified treatment. SARS-CoV-2 infection has various pathological and epidemiological characteristics, one of them is increased amounts of cytokine production, which in order activate an abnormal unrestricted response called "cytokine storm". This event contributes to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which results in respiratory failure and pneumonia and is the great cause of death associated with Covid-19. Endotoxemia and the release of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) from the lumen into the bloodstream enhance proinflammatory cytokines. SARS-CoV-2 can straightly interplay with endotoxins via its S protein, leading to the extremely elevating release of cytokines and consequently increase the harshness of Covid-19. In this review, we will discuss the possible role of viral-bacterial interaction that occurs through the transfer of bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the intestine into the bloodstream, exacerbating the severity of Covid-19 and cytokine storms.
如今，2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的出现是一个全球性问题，导致死亡率不断上升的健康困难，目前还没有经过验证的治疗方法。SARS-CoV-2 感染具有多种病理和流行病学特征，其中之一是细胞因子产生量增加，这会激活称为“细胞因子风暴”的异常不受限制的反应。这种情况会导致严重的急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS），从而导致呼吸衰竭和肺炎，这是与 COVID-19 相关的主要死亡原因。内毒素血症和细菌脂多糖（内毒素）从管腔释放到血液中会增强促炎细胞因子。SARS-CoV-2 可以通过其 S 蛋白直接与内毒素相互作用，导致细胞因子的极度释放，从而增加 COVID-19 的严重程度。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论病毒-细菌相互作用的可能作用，这种相互作用通过将细菌产物（如脂多糖（LPS））从肠道转移到血液中而发生，从而加剧 COVID-19 和细胞因子风暴的严重程度。
