Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China.
Small. 2023 Jan;19(2):e2205067. doi: 10.1002/smll.202205067. Epub 2022 Nov 20.
Waterproof and breathable membranes that prevent liquid water penetration, while allowing air and moisture transmission, have attracted significant attention for various applications. Electrospun nanofiber materials with adjustable pore structures, easily tunable wettability, and good pore connectivity, have shown significant potential for constructing waterproof and breathable membranes. Herein, a systematic overview of the recent progress in the design, fabrication, and application of waterproof and breathable nanofibrous membranes is provided. The various strategies for fabricating the membranes mainly including one-step electrospinning and post-treatment of nanofibers are given as a starting point for the discussion. The different design concepts and structural characteristics of each type of waterproof and breathable membrane are comprehensively analyzed. Then, some representative applications of the membranes are highlighted, involving personal protection, desalination, medical dressing, and electronics. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives associated with waterproof and breathable nanofibrous membranes are presented.
防水透气膜可以防止液态水渗透，同时允许空气和湿气传输，因此受到了广泛关注。具有可调节孔结构、易于调节润湿性和良好孔连通性的静电纺纳米纤维材料在构建防水透气膜方面显示出了巨大的潜力。本文系统地综述了近年来在防水透气纳米纤维膜的设计、制备和应用方面的最新进展。首先给出了主要包括一步静电纺丝和纳米纤维后处理的各种膜制备策略，作为讨论的起点。然后全面分析了每一种防水透气膜的不同设计理念和结构特点。接着，重点介绍了这些膜的一些代表性应用，包括个人防护、海水淡化、医疗敷料和电子器件。最后，提出了防水透气纳米纤维膜所面临的挑战和未来展望。
