埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔市商业性工作者接受宫颈癌筛查意愿的预测因素：计划行为理论的应用。
Predictors of intention to receive cervical cancer screening among commercial sex workers in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia: application of the theory of planned behavior.
机构信息
Department of Health Promotion and Health Behavior, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, PO.Box.196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Womens Health. 2022 Nov 21;22(1):462. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-02055-8.
BACKGROUND
Cervical cancer is a global public health problem & is the fourth leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. Abnormal cervical lesion is common in commercial sex workers and is at a higher risk of developing cervical cancer due to multiple sexual partners besides other factors. Intention is an important predictor of behavior and is an initiative to transform their desire into action. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the predictors of intention to receive cervical cancer screening among commercial sex workers in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia.
METHODS
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 27 to May 25, 2021, in Gondar city, northwest Ethiopia. A total of 425 commercial sex workers selected using convenience sampling techniques were included in the study. Linear regression with robust standard errors was carried out to identify predictors of intention to receive cervical cancer screening. A 95% confidence interval and a p-value of less than 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.
RESULTS
A total of 393 commercial sex workers participated in the study with a response rate of 92.4%. The mean age of the participants was 27.68 ± 6.62. The median (interquartile range) of intention was 4 (3-4.25). The theory of planned behaviour variables explained 38.51% of the variance in intention to receive cervical cancer screening. Direct subjective norm (β = 0.09), 95% CI (0.05, 0.13)), direct Attitude (β = 0.09, 95% CI (0.04, 0.13)), past behaviour (β = 0.27; 95% CI (0.09, 0.46), and positive HIV status (β = 0.26; 95% CI (0.06, 0.46) were significant predictors of intention.
CONCLUSIONS
Commercial sex workers' intention to undergo cervical cancer screening was high. The theory of planned behavior showed adequate utility in predicting commercial sex workers' intention to receive cervical cancer screening. Participant's attitudes, subjective norm, past behavior, and positive HIV status were important factors affecting their intention to receive cervical cancer screening. Thus, interventions aimed at enhancing commercial sex workers' cervical cancer screening behavior should target creating positive social pressure and attitudinal change towards cervical cancer screening.
背景
宫颈癌是一个全球性的公共卫生问题，是癌症发病率和死亡率的第四大主要原因。性工作者中常见宫颈异常病变，由于性伴侣较多等因素，宫颈癌发病风险较高。意图是行为的重要预测指标，是将愿望转化为行动的主动力。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔市商业性工作者接受宫颈癌筛查的意图的预测因素。
方法
这是一项 2021 年 3 月 27 日至 5 月 25 日在埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔市进行的基于社区的横断面研究。共纳入 425 名采用便利抽样技术选择的商业性工作者。采用稳健标准误差的线性回归来确定接受宫颈癌筛查意图的预测因素。置信区间为 95%，p 值<0.05 为有统计学意义。
结果
共有 393 名商业性工作者参加了这项研究，应答率为 92.4%。参与者的平均年龄为 27.68±6.62 岁。意图的中位数（四分位距）为 4（3-4.25）。计划行为理论变量解释了接受宫颈癌筛查意图的 38.51%的变异性。直接主观规范（β=0.09，95%置信区间（0.05，0.13））、直接态度（β=0.09，95%置信区间（0.04，0.13））、过去行为（β=0.27；95%置信区间（0.09，0.46））和 HIV 阳性状态（β=0.26；95%置信区间（0.06，0.46））是意图的重要预测因素。
结论
商业性工作者接受宫颈癌筛查的意愿很高。计划行为理论在预测商业性工作者接受宫颈癌筛查的意图方面具有足够的效用。参与者的态度、主观规范、过去行为和 HIV 阳性状态是影响他们接受宫颈癌筛查意愿的重要因素。因此，旨在增强商业性工作者宫颈癌筛查行为的干预措施应针对创造对宫颈癌筛查的积极社会压力和态度改变。
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