Department of Community Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Department of Reviews and Health Technology Assessments, The Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
J Nutr Sci. 2022 Oct 31;11:e94. doi: 10.1017/jns.2022.90. eCollection 2022.
Alternate day fasting (ADF) with consumption of calories up to 25 % of the daily energy intake on fast days is one of the most used intermittent fasting regimens and promoted as a promising, alternative approach for treating obesity. Feelings of appetite are critical for adherence to dietary approaches, and therefore the success of dietary interventions. This systematic review aimed to assess the effects of a minimum of 8 weeks of ADF on subjective feelings of appetite and body weight for adults with overweight and obesity. We conducted the review in accordance with the Cochrane guidelines, including systematic searches in four databases. Because of the high level of clinical and methodological heterogeneity, a narrative approach was used to synthesise the results. Eight studies with a total of 456 participants met the eligibility criteria: three randomised controlled trials and five uncontrolled before-after studies. Seven of the studies had high risk of bias. Feelings of appetite were assessed by hunger in eight studies, fullness in seven studies, satisfaction in four studies and desire to eat in one study. All the studies assessed weight loss. The certainty of the evidence was rated low or very low for all outcomes, thus no firm conclusions can be drawn about the potential benefits of ADF on subjective feelings of appetite and body weight. Despite the high interest in ADF, good quality evidence is still needed to determine its effectiveness and if offered in clinical practice, ADF should be offered cautiously while concomitantly evaluated.
隔日禁食（ADF），即在禁食日摄入的卡路里量不超过每日能量摄入量的 25%，是最常用的间歇性禁食方案之一，被推广为治疗肥胖症的一种有前途的替代方法。食欲是坚持饮食方法的关键，因此也是饮食干预成功的关键。本系统评价旨在评估至少 8 周的 ADF 对超重和肥胖成年人的主观食欲和体重的影响。我们按照 Cochrane 指南进行了综述，包括在四个数据库中进行系统搜索。由于临床和方法学的高度异质性，我们采用叙述方法综合结果。有八项研究共有 456 名参与者符合入选标准：三项随机对照试验和五项非对照前后研究。其中七项研究存在高偏倚风险。八项研究评估了饥饿感，七项研究评估了饱腹感，四项研究评估了满足感，一项研究评估了想吃的欲望。所有研究都评估了体重减轻。由于所有结果的证据确定性均被评为低或极低，因此无法对 ADF 对主观食欲和体重的潜在益处得出确切结论。尽管人们对 ADF 非常感兴趣，但仍需要高质量的证据来确定其有效性，如果在临床实践中提供 ADF，则应谨慎提供，并同时进行评估。
