Orejudo Santos, Cano-Escoriaza Jacobo, Cebollero-Salinas Ana Belén, Bautista Pablo, Clemente-Gallardo Jesús, Rivero Alejandro, Rivero Pilar, Tarancón Alfonso
Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Department of Sciences of Education, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2022 Nov 2;13:848048. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.848048. eCollection 2022.
The emergence of collective intelligence has been studied in much greater detail in small groups than in larger ones. Nevertheless, in groups of several hundreds or thousands of members, it is well-known that the social environment exerts a considerable influence on individual behavior. A few recent papers have dealt with some aspects of large group situations, but have not provided an in-depth analysis of the role of interactions among the members of a group in the creation of ideas, as well as the group's overall performance. In this study, we report an experiment where a large set of individuals, i.e., 789 high-school students, cooperated online in real time to solve two different examinations on a specifically designed platform (Thinkhub). Our goal of this paper 6 to describe the specific mechanisms of idea creation we were able to observe and to measure the group's performance as a whole. When we deal with communication networks featuring a large number of interacting entities, it seems natural to model the set as a complex system by resorting to the tools of statistical mechanics. Our experiment shows how an interaction in small groups that increase in size over several phases, leading to a final phase where the students are confronted with the most popular answers of the previous phases, is capable of producing high-quality answers to all examination questions, whereby the last phase plays a crucial role. Our experiment likewise shows that a group's performance in such a task progresses in a linear manner in parallel with the size of the group. Finally, we show that the controlled interaction and dynamics foreseen in the system can reduce the spread of "fake news" within the group.
与较大群体相比，集体智慧在小群体中的出现得到了更详细的研究。然而，在由数百或数千名成员组成的群体中，众所周知，社会环境对个体行为有相当大的影响。最近有几篇论文探讨了大群体情况的一些方面，但没有深入分析群体成员之间的互动在思想创造以及群体整体表现中所起的作用。在本研究中，我们报告了一项实验，即789名高中生这一大量个体在一个专门设计的平台（Thinkhub）上实时在线合作，以解决两场不同的考试。本文的目标是描述我们能够观察到的思想创造的具体机制，并衡量群体的整体表现。当我们处理具有大量相互作用实体的通信网络时，借助统计力学工具将其建模为一个复杂系统似乎是很自然的。我们的实验表明，小群体中的互动如何在几个阶段中规模不断扩大，最终进入一个阶段，学生们会面对前几个阶段最受欢迎的答案，这种互动能够为所有考试问题给出高质量答案，其中最后一个阶段起着关键作用。我们的实验同样表明，群体在这样一项任务中的表现与群体规模成线性同步发展。最后，我们表明系统中预设的可控互动和动态能够减少“假新闻”在群体中的传播。
