López Fernando, Rosas Guillermo
Facultad de Economía y Negocios, Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Erasmo Escala 1835, Santiago, Chile.
Department of Political Science, Washington University in St. Louis, Seigle Hall 288, St. Louis, United States.
J Econ Ageing. 2022 Oct;23:100420. doi: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100420. Epub 2022 Nov 8.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Chilean Congress approved three laws between July 2020 and April 2021 that allowed early withdrawals of pension funds without any eligibility constraints. In this paper, we use nationwide survey data to examine the factors associated with people's assessments about the suitability of these policies in the context of the pandemic, with a particular focus on trust and political ideology. We find that respondents that declare high levels of trust in Chile's pension system, financial system, and political institutions and actors tend to oppose early withdrawal policies. Similarly, respondents on the right of the political spectrum and those that voted for the incumbent president, who opposed this policy, also declare opposition to early withdrawals. Overall, our findings suggest that political attitudes and beliefs are associated with policy views on changes to Chile's pension-fund system and that support for early withdrawal policies may be driven by lack of confidence in institutions.
为应对新冠疫情，智利国会在2020年7月至2021年4月期间批准了三项法律，允许在没有任何资格限制的情况下提前提取养老金。在本文中，我们使用全国性调查数据来研究在疫情背景下，与人们对这些政策适用性评估相关的因素，特别关注信任和政治意识形态。我们发现，那些宣称对智利养老金体系、金融体系以及政治机构和行为者高度信任的受访者往往反对提前提取政策。同样，政治光谱右翼的受访者以及投票给反对该政策的现任总统的人也表示反对提前提取。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，政治态度和信念与智利养老金体系改革的政策观点相关，对提前提取政策的支持可能是由于对机构缺乏信心所致。
