Commensal bacteria contribute to the growth of multidrug-resistant in chickens.

-associated infectious coryza (IC) is an important threat in commercial poultry. Previous studies about the characteristics of are succeeded in revealing the course of IC disease, but whether and how resident microbes contribute to the infection remains unclear. To understand the role of commensal bacteria, we isolated 467 commensal bacteria, including 38 , from the respiratory tract of IC chicken. The predominant commensal isolates were Gram-positive bacteria belonging to spp. [33.19%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 28.93-37.66%], spp. (16.49%, 95% CI: 13.23-20.17%), and spp. (16.27%, 95% CI: 13.04-19.94%). These isolates were closely correlated with the survival of . We examined and found that commensal bacteria aggravate -associated infections because certain commensal species (28.57%, 95% CI: 15.72-44.58%) induced hemolysis and promoted the growth of . Notably, showed high resistance to routine antibiotics such as erythromycin (84.21%, 95% CI: 68.75-93.98%), tetracycline (73.68%, 95% CI: 56.90-86.60%) and carried diverse mobile resistance gene clusters. Overall, we found commensal bacteria especially Gram-positive bacteria facilitate the survival of multidrug-resistant to exacerbate infections, suggesting that novel strategies may diminish -associated infections by modulating the population dynamics of commensal bacteria.