Isolation, identification, and serotyping of from quails in Indonesia with typical infectious coryza disease symptoms.

BACKGROUND AND AIM

Infectious coryza (IC) or snot is an infectious upper respiratory disease affecting chickens and birds, including quails, and it is caused by . The symptoms of IC are facial swelling, malodorous nasal discharge, and lacrimation. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and serotype the of snot in quails and to determine the sensitivity and resistance to several antibiotics.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Nine quails from Yogyakarta, Indonesia with typical snot disease symptoms were used in this study. The nasal swab was obtained and directly streaked onto a chocolate agar plate and blood agar plate (BAP), then incubated in 5% CO at 37°C for 24-48 h. spp. was cross-streaked onto the BAP to show the satellite growth. The observation of the morphology of the suspected colony, Gram staining, and biochemical tests (catalase test, oxidase test, urease test, peptone test, and carbohydrate fermentation such as maltose, mannitol, lactose, and sorbitol) are done to identify the species of bacteria. This research also detects the serovar of using hemagglutination inhibition test.The antibiotic sensitivity tests were also performed using several antibiotics against five isolates that were cultured on Mueller-Hinton Agar and added with antibiotic discs, then incubated in 5% CO at 37°C for 24-48 h.

RESULTS

Five isolates out of nine suspected isolates (55.5%) were . The growth of isolates from quails did not depend on the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) (NAD-independent). Sensitivity test was done using the five identified isolates, results showed that they were 100% sensitive to amoxicillin (AMC) and ampicillin (AMP); 100% resistant toward amikacin (AK), erythromycin (E), gentamycin (CN), and tetracycline (TE); 80% resistant toward kanamycin (K) and trimethoprim (W); 60% resistant toward chloramphenicol (C); and 20% toward enrofloxacin (ENR). The antibiotics that have an intermediate sensitivity (in between sensitive and resistant) were ENR and K, 80% and 20%, respectively. Three out of five isolates were identified as serovar B of using HI test.

CONCLUSION

Five out of nine isolates (55.5%) from quails with typical IC disease symptoms identified as and sensitive toward AMC and AMP. Three out of five isolates were identified as serovar B.