Computational Analysis and Optimization of Geometric Parameters for Fibrous Scaffold Design.

Bioresorbable tissue scaffolds are a promising potential treatment for soft-tissue injuries, such as tendon and ligament rupture. These materials provide temporary support to the injured tissues and provide biological cues that promote healing. Previous work has shown that fiber alignment, diameter, and spacing affect cell morphology and migration, which impact healing of the target tissue. However, previous work has not fully characterized the isolated effects of fiber alignment, diameter, and spacing on cell morphology and migration, nor has it revealed the ideal combinations of diameter and spacing to promote cell migration and elongation on fibrous scaffolds. To clarify these effects, a mesoscale model was formulated to describe cell movement on a fibrous scaffold and analyze the isolated effects of fiber alignment, diameter, and spacing. After analyzing the isolated effects, an optimization was performed to find combinations of fiber diameter and spacing that maximized cell elongation and migration, which may lead to improved healing of the target tissue. This analysis may ultimately aid the design of scaffold materials to improve outcomes after tendon or ligament rupture.