Abate Teshager Woldegiyorgis, Gedamu Haileyesus, Ayalew Emiru, Genanew Ashenafi, Ergetie Temesgen, Tesfa Getasew
Department of Adult Health Nursing, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, P. O. Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2022 Nov 10;8(11):e11555. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11555. eCollection 2022 Nov.
Adherence to healthy behavior has become increasingly important in recent years for better blood pressure management. For the management and prevention of hypertension, it is a strong recommendation. But there have been a number of observational studies conducted in Ethiopia on hypertensive people's healthy lifestyle choices. An extensive review, however, that would have provided even a sliver of supporting data for developing an intervention, is missing. The purpose of this review and meta-analysis was to fill in this gap.
The meta-analysis of an observational study was followed by a systematic review. Searches and extracts from the databases CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (via Ovid), PubMed, EmCare, and Google Scholar have been conducted by three reviewers. Only studies with low and moderate risk were included in the analysis after the quality of the articles was evaluated by two independent reviewers using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. After accounting for heterogeneity and publication bias, this study presented the estimated overall and six major domains of adherence to healthy behaviors among hypertensive adult individuals. The PROSPERO database had this systematic review registered under protocol number CRD 42020206150.
The overall estimated adherence to healthy lifestyle habits among Ethiopian hypertensive adult individuals was 42.45% (95% CI: 33.51-51.38, I = 95.2%). We also investigate the adherence of major domains of healthy behaviors, such as the estimated healthy dietary adherence: 50.86% (95% CI: 39.61-62.11%), the estimated adherence to physical activity: 48.74% (95% CI: 36.60-60.96), and the estimated adherence to sodium intake: 51.79% (95% CI: 36.77-66.8). The following variables were statistically significant predictors of adherence to the overall health behavior: education level (Pooled Odds Ratio (POR): 2.8; 95% CI: 1.98-3.63, I = 0.0%), duration of hypertension (POR: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.80-4.32, I = 0.0%), and hypertensive people who was knowledgeable of hypertension (POR: 6.8; 95% CI: 1.05-12.58, I = 89.3%).
Less than half of the hypertension population in Ethiopia had healthy lifestyle behaviors. A low percentage of hypertensive adults also had adhered to salt (sodium) intake, physical activity, and weight management. So, intervention programs should focus on the health faithfulness of the specific section of adherence to healthy lifestyle practice according to recommended lifestyle practice guidelines.
近年来，坚持健康行为对于更好地管理血压变得越来越重要。对于高血压的管理和预防，这是一项强烈建议。但是，埃塞俄比亚针对高血压患者的健康生活方式选择进行了多项观察性研究。然而，本应能为制定干预措施提供哪怕一丝支持数据的全面综述却付诸阙如。本综述和荟萃分析的目的就是填补这一空白。
在对观察性研究进行荟萃分析之后，又进行了系统综述。由三位评审员在CINAHL（EBSCO）、MEDLINE（通过Ovid）、PubMed、EmCare和谷歌学术等数据库中进行检索和提取。在两位独立评审员使用纽卡斯尔 - 渥太华量表评估文章质量之后，仅将低风险和中度风险的研究纳入分析。在考虑异质性和发表偏倚之后，本研究呈现了高血压成年个体中坚持健康行为的总体估计值以及六个主要领域的情况。该系统综述已在PROSPERO数据库中注册，注册号为CRD 42020206150。
埃塞俄比亚高血压成年个体中，总体估计坚持健康生活习惯的比例为42.45%（95%置信区间：33.51 - 51.38，I² = 95.2%）。我们还调查了健康行为主要领域的坚持情况，例如估计的健康饮食坚持率：50.86%（95%置信区间：39.61 - 62.11%），估计的体育活动坚持率：48.74%（95%置信区间：36.60 - 60.96），以及估计的钠摄入坚持率：51.79%（95%置信区间：36.77 - 66.8）。以下变量是坚持总体健康行为的统计学显著预测因素：教育水平（合并优势比（POR）：2.8；95%置信区间：
