Takami Ayaka, Goya Ryoma, Aoyama Chisa, Komiyama Takaaki, Kawajiri Toshitaka, Shimegi Satoshi
Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Front Sports Act Living. 2022 Nov 2;4:1009763. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.1009763. eCollection 2022.
In ball sports such as table tennis, in which a ball moving at high speed is hit, an athlete's brain needs to process the motion information of the ball, predict the arrival point, and form a motor command to direct the racket there. Therefore, day-to-day fluctuations in visuomotor performance may be ascribed to fluctuations in visual motion discriminability, but it is not clear how the two are related. To examine this point, university table tennis players performed a motion direction discrimination (MDD) task and continuous visuomotor (CVM) task over 10 days as an estimation of visual motion discriminability and visuomotor performance, respectively. In the MDD task, using a joystick, participants distinguished the direction of a global coherent motion of target dots moving in the same direction on a PC monitor from innumerable dots moving in random directions. In the CVM task, participants hit sequential targets moving fast from right to left on the PC monitor by operating the cursor on the left side of the monitor up and down using the prehensile force of their thumb and index finger. The scores in the MDD and CVM tasks fluctuated day by day and showed a significant and moderate correlation between the MDD task score for the visual field in which the participants captured the target in the CVM task and the CVM task score. This correlation was confirmed even with the target moving from left to right. The fluctuations in the onset latency and the endpoint position of the cursor movement approaching the target were correlated with those of the visual motion discriminability, suggesting the contribution of motion vision to the speed and accuracy of the visuomotor performance. Moreover, these relationships were prominent in veteran players. For table tennis athletes, especially experienced players, fluctuations in the visual motion discrimination performance in a visual field specific for capturing a ball may be responsible for the fluctuations in continuous visuomotor (striking) performance.
在乒乓球等球类运动中，运动员需要击打高速运动的球，其大脑需要处理球的运动信息，预测球的落点，并形成运动指令以将球拍指向该落点。因此，视觉运动表现的日常波动可能归因于视觉运动辨别能力的波动，但两者之间的关系尚不清楚。为了探究这一点，大学生乒乓球运动员在10天内分别进行了运动方向辨别（MDD）任务和连续视觉运动（CVM）任务，以分别评估视觉运动辨别能力和视觉运动表现。在MDD任务中，参与者使用操纵杆在电脑显示器上从无数随机方向移动的点中辨别出目标点同向整体连贯运动的方向。在CVM任务中，参与者通过用拇指和食指的抓握力上下操作显示器左侧的光标，击打在电脑显示器上从右向左快速移动的连续目标。MDD任务和CVM任务的分数每天都有波动，并且在参与者在CVM任务中捕捉目标的视野的MDD任务分数与CVM任务分数之间显示出显著且中等程度的相关性。即使目标从左向右移动，这种相关性也得到了证实。光标运动接近目标的起始潜伏期和终点位置的波动与视觉运动辨别能力的波动相关，这表明运动视觉对视觉运动表现的速度和准确性有贡献。此外，这些关系在经验丰富的球员中更为突出。对于乒乓球运动员，尤其是有经验的球员，在特定用于捕捉球的视野中的视觉运动辨别表现的波动可能是连续视觉运动（击球）表现波动的原因。
