Gakkhar Avni, Mehendale Ashok, Mehendale Shivansh
Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.
Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Insititute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2022 Oct 14;14(10):e30308. doi: 10.7759/cureus.30308. eCollection 2022 Oct.
Most adolescent tobacco control programs focus on preventing consumption, but teen smoking persists. It is uncertain whether adult-specific therapies can assist adolescents in quitting smoking. The rising incidence of smoking in low and middle-socioeconomic countries and the challenges of conducting tobacco cessation programs in these settings (due to increasing population, poor lifestyle, lack of awareness and education, professional stress, and non-compliance) need an emphasis on the scope of trials to conduct tobacco cessation in these settings. In the 11th Five Year Plan, the Indian government introduced a new National Tobacco Control Program, which currently spans 108 districts in 31 states across the country. The objective is to review the randomized control trials of selected individuals held in India and assess and evaluate the effectiveness of the steps taken by the government to help people quit tobacco consumption. These programs are important because of the hazards and impact they have on the public health indices of the nation. The government has taken steps like prohibiting smoking in public areas and banning sources. Several programs, particularly those that employed group counselling, included a range of approaches that proved beneficial in helping young people quit smoking. The RCTs mentioned are psychosocially followed by behavioral and pharmacological therapies. The challenges faced are not having participatory health care, motivating tobacco users to quit even in the short-term, adequate coverage; barriers at a different level of implementation (at a regional, state, or national level); and interference by the tobacco industry should be eliminated. The currently functioning programs in India are the National Tobacco Control Program, the National and three Regional Quitlines and mCessation.
大多数青少年烟草控制项目都侧重于预防吸烟,但青少年吸烟现象依然存在。尚不确定针对成年人的特定疗法是否能帮助青少年戒烟。在社会经济水平较低和中等的国家,吸烟率不断上升,且在这些地区开展戒烟项目面临诸多挑战(由于人口增长、不良生活方式、缺乏意识和教育、职业压力以及不遵守规定等因素),因此需要强调在这些地区开展戒烟试验的范围。在第十一个五年计划中,印度政府推出了一项新的国家烟草控制项目,该项目目前覆盖全国31个邦的108个地区。其目标是审查在印度针对特定人群开展的随机对照试验,并评估和评价政府为帮助人们戒烟所采取措施的有效性。这些项目很重要,因为它们对国家的公共卫生指标存在危害和影响。政府已采取措施,如在公共场所禁烟和禁止烟草来源。一些项目,特别是那些采用团体咨询的项目,包含了一系列经证明对帮助年轻人戒烟有益的方法。上述随机对照试验在社会心理层面之后采用行为和药物疗法。面临的挑战包括缺乏参与式医疗保健、即使在短期内也难以激励烟草使用者戒烟、覆盖面不足;在不同实施层面(地区、邦或国家层面)存在障碍;以及应消除烟草行业的干扰。印度目前正在运作的项目有国家烟草控制项目、国家和三个地区戒烟热线以及移动戒烟项目。