Gardener Antoni D, Hick Ellen J, Jacklin Chloe, Tan Gifford, Cashin Aidan G, Lee Hopin, Nunan David, Toomey Elaine C, Richards Georgia C
Isle of Wight NHS Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Parkhurst Road, Newport, Isle of Wight, PO30 5TG, UK.
Dartford and Gravesham NHS Trust, Darent Valley Hospital, Darenth Wood Road, Dartford, DA2 8DA, UK.
JRSM Open. 2022 Nov 14;13(11):20542704221132139. doi: 10.1177/20542704221132139. eCollection 2022 Nov.
To audit the transparent and open science standards of health and medical sciences journal policies and explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Repeat cross-sectional study.
19 journals listed in Google Scholar's Top Publications for health and medical sciences.
Blood, Cell, Circulation, European Heart Journal, Gastroenterology, Journal of Clinical Oncology, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Nature Genetics, Nature Medicine, Nature Neuroscience, Neuron, PLoS ONE, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Science Translational Medicine, The British Medical Journal, The Journal of the American Medical Association, The Lancet, The Lancet Oncology, and The New England Journal of Medicine.
We used the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) guideline and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) requirements for disclosing conflicts of interest (COIs) to evaluate journals standards.
TOP scores slightly improved during the COVID-19 pandemic, from a median of 5 (IQR: 2-12.5) out of a possible 24 points in February 2020 to 7 (IQR: 4-12) in May 2021, but overall, scores were very low at both time points. Journal policies scored highest for their adherence to data transparency and scored lowest for preregistration of study protocols and analysis plans and the submission of replication studies. Most journals fulfilled all ICMJE provisions for reporting COIs before (84%; n = 16) and during (95%; n = 18) the COVID-19 pandemic.
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of practising open science. However, requirements for open science practices in audited policies were overall low, which may impede progress in health and medical research. As key stakeholders in disseminating research, journals should promote a research culture of greater transparency and more robust open science practices.
审核健康与医学科学期刊政策的透明和开放科学标准，并探讨新冠疫情的影响。
重复横断面研究。
谷歌学术健康与医学科学顶级出版物中列出的19种期刊。
《血液》《细胞》《循环》《欧洲心脏杂志》《胃肠病学》《临床肿瘤学杂志》《美国心脏病学会杂志》《自然遗传学》《自然医学》《自然神经科学》《神经元》《公共科学图书馆·综合》《美国国家科学院院刊》《科学转化医学》《英国医学杂志》《美国医学会杂志》《柳叶刀》《柳叶刀肿瘤学》和《新英格兰医学杂志》。
我们使用透明度与开放性促进（TOP）指南以及医学期刊编辑国际委员会（ICMJE）关于披露利益冲突（COI）的要求来评估期刊标准。
在新冠疫情期间，TOP评分略有提高，从2020年2月可能的24分中的中位数5分（四分位间距：2 - 12.5）提高到2021年5月的7分（四分位间距：4 - 12），但总体而言，两个时间点的评分都非常低。期刊政策在遵守数据透明度方面得分最高，在研究方案和分析计划的预注册以及重复研究的提交方面得分最低。大多数期刊在新冠疫情之前（84%；n = 16）和期间（95%；n = 18）都满足了ICMJE报告COI的所有规定。
新冠疫情凸显了实践开放科学的重要性。然而，经审核政策中开放科学实践的要求总体较低，这可能会阻碍健康与医学研究的进展。作为传播研究的关键利益相关者，期刊应促进一种更高透明度和更强有力的开放科学实践的研究文化。
