减少医学研究中的偏倚和提高透明度：问题、进展和建议下一步的批判性综述。
Reducing bias and improving transparency in medical research: a critical overview of the problems, progress and suggested next steps.
机构信息
Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK.
出版信息
J R Soc Med. 2020 Nov;113(11):433-443. doi: 10.1177/0141076820956799.
In recent years there has been increasing awareness of problems that have undermined trust in medical research. This review outlines some of the most important issues including research culture, reporting biases, and statistical and methodological issues. It examines measures that have been instituted to address these problems and explores the success and limitations of these measures. The paper concludes by proposing three achievable actions which could be implemented to deliver significantly improved transparency and mitigation of bias. These measures are as follows: (1) mandatory registration of interests by those involved in research; (2) that journals support the 'registered reports' publication format; and (3) that comprehensive study documentation for all publicly funded research be made available on a World Health Organization research repository. We suggest that achieving such measures requires a broad-based campaign which mobilises public opinion. We invite readers to feedback on the proposed actions and to join us in calling for their implementation.
近年来，人们越来越意识到一些问题，这些问题破坏了对医学研究的信任。本综述概述了一些最重要的问题，包括研究文化、报告偏倚以及统计和方法学问题。它审查了为解决这些问题而采取的措施，并探讨了这些措施的成功和局限性。本文最后提出了三项可实现的行动，以实现显著提高透明度和减轻偏见的目标。这些措施如下：（1）要求参与研究的人员强制性地注册利益关系；（2）期刊支持“注册报告”的出版格式；（3）所有公共资助研究的全面研究文件都应在世界卫生组织的研究存储库中提供。我们认为，实现这些措施需要一场广泛的运动，以动员公众舆论。我们邀请读者对拟议的行动提出反馈意见，并与我们一起呼吁实施这些行动。
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