Spitschan Manuel, Schmidt Marlene H, Blume Christine
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel (UPK), Basel, Switzerland.
Wellcome Open Res. 2021 Feb 26;5:172. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16111.2. eCollection 2020.
"Open science" is an umbrella term describing various aspects of transparent and open science practices. The adoption of practices at different levels of the scientific process (e.g., individual researchers, laboratories, institutions) has been rapidly changing the scientific research landscape in the past years, but their uptake differs from discipline to discipline. Here, we asked to what extent journals in the field of sleep research and chronobiology encourage or even require following transparent and open science principles in their author guidelines. We scored the author guidelines of a comprehensive set of 27 sleep and chronobiology journals, including the major outlets in the field, using the standardised Transparency and Openness (TOP) Factor. The TOP Factor is a quantitative summary of the extent to which journals encourage or require following various aspects of open science, including data citation, data transparency, analysis code transparency, materials transparency, design and analysis guidelines, study pre-registration, analysis plan pre-registration, replication, registered reports, and the use of open science badges. Across the 27 journals, we find low values on the TOP Factor (median [25 , 75 percentile] 3 [1, 3], min. 0, max. 9, out of a total possible score of 29) in sleep research and chronobiology journals. Our findings suggest an opportunity for sleep research and chronobiology journals to further support recent developments in transparent and open science by implementing transparency and openness principles in their author guidelines.
“开放科学”是一个总括性术语，描述了透明和开放的科学实践的各个方面。在过去几年中，科学过程不同层面（例如，个体研究人员、实验室、机构）对这些实践的采用正在迅速改变科学研究的格局，但其采用程度因学科而异。在此，我们探讨了睡眠研究和生物钟学领域的期刊在其作者指南中鼓励甚至要求遵循透明和开放科学原则的程度。我们使用标准化的透明度与开放性（TOP）因子，对27种睡眠和生物钟学期刊（包括该领域的主要期刊）的作者指南进行了评分。TOP因子是对期刊鼓励或要求遵循开放科学各个方面的程度的定量总结，包括数据引用、数据透明度、分析代码透明度、材料透明度、设计和分析指南、研究预注册、分析计划预注册、重复研究、注册报告以及开放科学徽章的使用。在这27种期刊中，我们发现睡眠研究和生物钟学期刊的TOP因子得分较低（中位数[第25，75百分位数]为3[1，3]，最低为0，最高为9，满分29分）。我们的研究结果表明，睡眠研究和生物钟学期刊有机会通过在其作者指南中实施透明度和开放性原则，进一步支持透明和开放科学的最新发展。
