Espinoza-Hernández Fernanda A, Andrade-Cetto Adolfo
Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Nov 9;2022:5970358. doi: 10.1155/2022/5970358. eCollection 2022.
Chronic hyperglycemia, the product of uncontrolled diabetes, leads to the appearance of vascular complications that can result in the premature death of diabetic patients. Consequently, pharmacological intervention with hypoglycemic agents could delay these complications and improve the quality of life of patients in the long term. Traditional Mexican medicine provides a great wealth of medicinal plants that are used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, the most prevalent form of diabetes, accounting for nearly 90-95% of total cases. However, there is still a lack of studies that support their hypoglycemic effects, clarify their mechanisms of action, and report their long-term efficacy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the chronic effects of the traditional extracts of some Mexican medicinal plants used by diabetic patients ( (Moc. & Sessé ex DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob. (Asteraceae), (Mill.) DC. (Asteraceae), and F.Delaroche (Apiaceae)) on hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. To achieve this goal, the aqueous extracts of these plants at their traditional doses were administered daily to streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA) hyperglycemic Wistar rats for 42 days to assess their effects on nonfasting blood glucose (NFBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and blood triglycerides (TG). The results showed that the extract significantly reduced NFBG by 33% compared to its baseline ( = 0.0281). Besides, it prevented the increase in HbA1c by 2.63% ( = 0.0303) and diminished the AUC of TG ( = 0.0031) compared with the negative control. On the other hand, both and prevented worsening of hyperglycemia by avoiding the significant increase in glucose levels seen in the negative control and the rise in HbA1c by 2.58% ( = 0.0156). These outcomes provide evidence for the first time of the antihyperglycemic effect of these Mexican medicinal plants, confirming their long-term efficacy in the control of chronic hyperglycemia.
慢性高血糖是糖尿病控制不佳的结果，会导致血管并发症的出现，进而可能导致糖尿病患者过早死亡。因此，使用降糖药物进行药物干预可以长期延缓这些并发症的发生，并提高患者的生活质量。传统的墨西哥医学提供了大量用于治疗2型糖尿病的药用植物，2型糖尿病是最常见的糖尿病形式，占总病例的近90 - 95%。然而，仍然缺乏支持其降糖作用、阐明其作用机制并报告其长期疗效的研究。因此，本研究的目的是评估糖尿病患者使用的一些墨西哥药用植物（（菊科）、（菊科）和（伞形科））的传统提取物对高血糖和高甘油三酯血症的慢性影响。为了实现这一目标，将这些植物的传统剂量的水提取物每天给予链脲佐菌素 - 烟酰胺（STZ - NA）诱导的高血糖Wistar大鼠，持续42天，以评估它们对非空腹血糖（NFBG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和血液甘油三酯（TG）的影响。结果表明，提取物与基线相比，显著降低了33%的NFBG（= 0.0281）。此外，与阴性对照相比，它使HbA1c的升高减少了2.63%（= 0.0303），并降低了TG的AUC（= 0.0031）。另一方面，和通过避免阴性对照中观察到的血糖水平显著升高以及HbA1c升高2.58%（= 0.0156），防止了高血糖的恶化。这些结果首次为这些墨西哥药用植物的抗高血糖作用提供了证据，证实了它们在控制慢性高血糖方面的长期疗效。
