Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Farmgate, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
PLoS One. 2022 Nov 21;17(11):e0276619. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276619. eCollection 2022.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex mental health condition that results in several obstacles including disabilities, loss of productivity, and economic burdens on both patients and society. Etiopathogenesis of MDD involves several factors such as sociodemographic, genetic, and biological determinants. However, any suitable biomarkers for risk assessment of depression have not been established yet. Alterations of cytokine are assumed to be involved in the pathophysiology and severity of the depressive disorder. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate serum adiponectin and interleukin-8 (IL-8) among MDD patients in Bangladesh.
We recruited a total of 63 MDD patients and 94 age-sex matched healthy controls (HCs) in the present study. MDD patients were enrolled from a tertiary care teaching hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, and HCs from surrounding parts of Dhaka city. A psychiatrist assessed all the study participants following the criteria mentioned in the DSM-5. We applied the Hamilton depression (Ham-D) rating scale to assess the depression severity. Serum adiponectin and IL-8 levels were determined using ELISA kits (BosterBio, USA).
The mean serum concentration of adiponectin was decreased (30.67±4.43 μg/mL vs. 53.81±5.37 μg/mL), and the IL-8 level was increased (160.93±14.84 pg/mL vs. 88.68±6.33 pg/mL) in MDD patients compared to HCs. Sex-specific scatters plot graphs showed the distribution of adiponectin and IL-8 levels with Ham-D scores in MDD patients. Also, ROC curve analysis demonstrated good predictive performances of serum adiponectin and IL-8 for MDD with the area under the curve (AUC) as 0.895 and 0.806, respectively.
The present study findings suggest that alterations of serum adiponectin and IL-8 levels in MDD patients might be involved in the disease process. Therefore, we can use these changes of cytokines in serum levels as early risk assessment tools for depression. The present study findings should be considered preliminary. We propose further interventional studies to evaluate the exact role of adiponectin and IL-8 in depression.
重度抑郁症（MDD）是一种复杂的心理健康状况，会导致多种障碍，包括残疾、生产力丧失以及患者和社会的经济负担。MDD 的病因学涉及社会人口统计学、遗传和生物学决定因素等多个因素。然而，尚未确定任何合适的生物标志物来评估抑郁症的风险。细胞因子的改变被认为与抑郁障碍的病理生理学和严重程度有关。因此，我们旨在评估孟加拉国 MDD 患者的血清脂联素和白细胞介素-8（IL-8）水平。
本研究共招募了 63 名 MDD 患者和 94 名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者（HCs）。MDD 患者从孟加拉国达卡的一家三级护理教学医院招募，HCs 从达卡市周边地区招募。精神病医生根据 DSM-5 中的标准评估所有研究参与者。我们应用汉密尔顿抑郁（Ham-D）评定量表评估抑郁严重程度。使用 ELISA 试剂盒（BosterBio，美国）测定血清脂联素和 IL-8 水平。
与 HCs 相比，MDD 患者的血清脂联素浓度降低（30.67±4.43μg/mL 比 53.81±5.37μg/mL），IL-8 水平升高（160.93±14.84pg/mL 比 88.68±6.33pg/mL）。MDD 患者的性别特异性散点图显示了脂联素和 IL-8 水平与 Ham-D 评分的分布。ROC 曲线分析显示，血清脂联素和 IL-8 对 MDD 具有良好的预测性能，曲线下面积（AUC）分别为 0.895 和 0.806。
本研究结果表明，MDD 患者血清脂联素和 IL-8 水平的改变可能与疾病过程有关。因此，我们可以将这些细胞因子在血清水平上的变化用作抑郁的早期风险评估工具。本研究结果应被视为初步结果。我们建议进行进一步的干预研究，以评估脂联素和 IL-8 在抑郁中的确切作用。
