Hubrecht Institute-KNAW (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences) and University Medical Centre Utrecht, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Oncode Institute, 3521 AL Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Cells. 2022 Nov 11;11(22):3564. doi: 10.3390/cells11223564.
Aneuploidy is a hallmark of cancer and a major cause of miscarriages in humans. It is caused by chromosome segregation errors during cell divisions. Evidence is mounting that the probability of specific chromosomes undergoing a segregation error is non-random. In other words, some chromosomes have a higher chance of contributing to aneuploid karyotypes than others. This could have important implications for the origins of recurrent aneuploidy patterns in cancer and developing embryos. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the prevalence and causes of non-random chromosome segregation errors in mammalian mitosis and meiosis. We evaluate its potential impact on cancer and human reproduction and discuss possible research avenues.
非整倍体是癌症的一个标志，也是人类流产的主要原因。它是由细胞分裂过程中的染色体分离错误引起的。越来越多的证据表明，特定染色体发生分离错误的概率是非随机的。换句话说，有些染色体比其他染色体更容易导致非整倍体核型。这对于理解癌症和发育中的胚胎中反复出现的非整倍体模式的起源具有重要意义。在这里，我们回顾了近年来在理解哺乳动物有丝分裂和减数分裂中非随机染色体分离错误的普遍性和原因方面的进展。我们评估了它对癌症和人类生殖的潜在影响，并讨论了可能的研究途径。
