Tzora Athina, Voidarou Chrysoula Chrysa, Giannenas Ilias, Bonos Eleftherios, Fotou Konstantina, Nelli Aikaterini, Grigoriadou Katerina, Karamoutsios Achilleas, Basdagianni Zoitsa, Dokou Stella, Tsinas Anastasios, Skoufos Ioannis
Laboratory of Animal Health, Food Hygiene and Quality, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, 471 32 Arta, Greece.
Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Foods. 2022 Nov 21;11(22):3736. doi: 10.3390/foods11223736.
The demand for ovine milk and ovine dairy products is constantly increasing due to their exceptional sensorial characteristics and their health benefits for consumers. However, dairy fat content and composition are of particular concern for consumers as well as the medical community, as there are risk factors for coronary disease, diabetes mellitus, cancer, and other serious diseases. For this reason, attempts have been made to control/regulate the fat composition of ovine milk by modifying sheep dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In this experimental trial, a group of sheep were fed for 30 days a diet enriched in flaxseeds and lupines, feed ingredients rich in omega-3 fatty acids, aiming to investigate the effects on fat composition and the microbiota of ovine milk. Chemical analysis of the collected milk showed that the omega-3 and omega-6 content was increased. On the opposite, the atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes decreased. Of importance was the semi-protective effect on the udder by the increased omega-3 dietary intake, as depicted by its impact on the biodiversity of the pathogenic microbiota. These findings suggest that ovine milk could be modified under specific conditions to be more appropriate for the consumption by people belonging to high-risk groups for various diseases.
由于其独特的感官特性以及对消费者的健康益处，对羊奶和羊奶制品的需求在不断增加。然而，乳脂肪含量和组成受到消费者以及医学界的特别关注，因为它们是冠心病、糖尿病、癌症和其他严重疾病的风险因素。因此，人们尝试通过改变绵羊饮食中多不饱和脂肪酸的摄入量来控制/调节羊奶的脂肪组成。在这个实验中，一组绵羊被喂食富含亚麻籽和羽扇豆的饲料30天，这两种饲料成分富含ω-3脂肪酸，旨在研究其对羊奶脂肪组成和微生物群的影响。对收集的牛奶进行化学分析表明，ω-3和ω-6含量增加。相反，致动脉粥样硬化指数和血栓形成指数降低。ω-3饮食摄入量增加对乳房有半保护作用，这体现在其对致病微生物群生物多样性的影响上。这些发现表明，在特定条件下可以对羊奶进行改良，使其更适合各种疾病高危人群食用。
