Department of Animal Physiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1I, PL-20-708 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1I, PL-20-708 Lublin, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Nov 12;19(22):14897. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192214897.
Cyanobacteria dominate lakes under diverse trophic conditions. Of these, two harmful filamentous cyanobacterial species, namely and , occupy completely different ecological niches in which they can form dense populations. In the present study, we investigated the effects of environmental conditions on the growth and vertical distribution of these species in lakes of different trophic statuses. Moreover, we underscored certain inconveniences in the assessment of the ecological status of lakes according to the European Union Water Framework Directive. The highest biomass of was recorded in eutrophic lake at a depth of 0.5-1 m, under high light intensity. Meanwhile, the highest biomass of , at which the deep chlorophyll maximum was recorded, was observed in mesotrophic lakes at a depth of 11-12 m, often below the euphotic zone under very low light intensity. , but not , exerted a strong allelopathic effect on the diversity and biomass of phytoplankton. Moreover, both species utilised different dissolved nitrogen fractions for their growth; specifically, used ammonium nitrogen, whilst used nitrate nitrogen. Furthermore, dissolved phosphorus produced a potentially limiting effect on growth. Overall, the tested Polish PMPL, German PSI, and Estonian phytoplankton indices were indeed useful in the assessment of the ecological status of lakes, albeit limited to the eutrophic lake with a high biomass of cyanobacteria () in the upper water layers. However, problems arose in the proper assessment of lakes with a high biomass of cyanobacteria () with a deep chlorophyll maximum outside the range of the euphotic zone. In such cases, two of the tested indices, namely the Polish and German indices, allowed sample collection from the euphotic layers, which significantly affected the number of samples included in the calculation. Consequently, the correct calculation of the ecological status of the lake was uncertain. Only the Estonian index allowed for a sample collection from two to three thermal layers of water, including the bloom layer of . Hence, the Estonian index offered the best fit for calculations.
蓝藻在各种营养条件下都占据优势地位。其中两种有害的丝状蓝藻物种，即 和 ，在生态位上完全不同，它们可以形成密集的种群。在本研究中，我们调查了环境条件对这些物种在不同营养状态湖泊中的生长和垂直分布的影响。此外，我们强调了根据欧盟水框架指令评估湖泊生态状况的某些不便之处。 在高光照强度下，富营养化湖泊中 达到了最高生物量，深度为 0.5-1 米。而在中营养化湖泊中，深叶绿素最大值记录在深度为 11-12 米处，通常在弱光强度下低于光饱和层。 对浮游植物的多样性和生物量产生了强烈的化感作用，但 没有。此外，这两个物种都利用不同的溶解氮组分来生长；具体而言， 利用铵态氮，而 利用硝酸盐氮。此外，溶解磷对 的生长产生了潜在的限制作用。总体而言，所测试的波兰 PMPL、德国 PSI 和爱沙尼亚浮游植物指数确实可用于评估湖泊的生态状况，尽管它们仅限于富营养化湖泊，其中上层水体中蓝藻 ()的生物量很高。然而，在正确评估高生物量蓝藻 ()的湖泊时出现了问题，深叶绿素最大值位于光饱和层之外。在这种情况下，所测试的两个指数，即波兰和德国指数，允许从光饱和层采集样本，这显著影响了包括在计算中的样本数量。因此，湖泊生态状况的正确计算是不确定的。只有爱沙尼亚指数允许从两个到三个热层的水层中采集样本，包括 的水华层。因此，爱沙尼亚指数最适合进行计算。
