Ramadhani Ratna, Sato Toshiya, Okada Yunosuke, Ohke Hanako, Ishii Hisayoshi
Division of Physiology, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan.
Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Oral Growth and Development, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
J Comp Physiol B. 2023 Jan;193(1):109-124. doi: 10.1007/s00360-022-01470-5. Epub 2022 Nov 27.
Marked blood flow (BF) changes mediated by the autonomic neural and humoral systems may be important for orofacial hemodynamics and functions. However, it remains questionable whether differences in the autonomic vasomotor responses mediated by neural and humoral systems exist in the orofacial area. This study examined whether there are differences in changes in the BF and vascular conductance (VC) between the masseter muscle and lower lip mediated by autonomic neural and humoral systems in urethane-anesthetized rats. Electrical stimulation of the central cut end of the lingual nerve elicited BF increases in the masseter (mainly cholinergic) and lower lip (mainly non-cholinergic), accompanied by an increase in arterial blood pressure (ABP), while cervical sympathetic trunk stimulation consistently decreased BF at both sites. The lingual nerve stimulation induced a biphasic change in the VC in the masseter, consisting of an initial decrease and a successive increase. This decrease in VC was positively correlated with changes in ABP and diminished by guanethidine. Cervical vagus nerve stimulation also induced BF increases at both sites; the increases were greater in the masseter than in the lower lip. Adrenal nerve stimulation and isoproterenol administration induced BF increases in the masseter but not in the lower lip. These results indicate that cholinergic parasympathetic-mediated hemodynamics evoked by trigeminal somatosensory inputs are closely related to ABP changes. The sympathetic nervous system, including the sympathoadrenal system and visceral inputs, may be more involved in hemodynamics in the muscles than in epithelial tissues in the orofacial area.
自主神经和体液系统介导的显著血流（BF）变化可能对口面部血流动力学和功能很重要。然而，神经和体液系统介导的自主血管运动反应在口面部区域是否存在差异仍存在疑问。本研究检测了在氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉的大鼠中，自主神经和体液系统介导的咬肌和下唇之间的BF和血管传导（VC）变化是否存在差异。电刺激舌神经的中枢切断端可引起咬肌（主要是胆碱能）和下唇（主要是非胆碱能）的BF增加，并伴有动脉血压（ABP）升高，而颈交感干刺激则持续降低两个部位的BF。舌神经刺激在咬肌中诱导VC出现双相变化，包括最初的降低和随后的增加。这种VC的降低与ABP变化呈正相关，并被胍乙啶减弱。颈迷走神经刺激也在两个部位诱导BF增加；咬肌中的增加幅度大于下唇。肾上腺神经刺激和异丙肾上腺素给药可诱导咬肌的BF增加，但下唇无此现象。这些结果表明，三叉神经体感输入引起的胆碱能副交感神经介导的血流动力学与ABP变化密切相关。包括交感肾上腺系统和内脏传入在内的交感神经系统可能在口面部区域的肌肉血流动力学中比在上皮组织中发挥更大作用。
