Regional Public Health Service (GGD) of West-Brabant, Breda, The Netherlands.
Regional Public Health Service (GGD) of West-Brabant, Breda, The Netherlands.
Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Jan;126:155-163. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.11.025. Epub 2022 Nov 24.
This study aimed to evaluate dynamics of antibody levels after exposure to SARS-CoV-2 for 12 months in Dutch non-vaccinated hairdressers and hospitality staff.
In this prospective cohort study, blood samples were collected every 3 months for 1 year and analyzed using a qualitative total antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a quantitative immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibody ELISA. Participants completed questionnaires, providing information on demographics, health, and work. Differences in antibody levels were evaluated using Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Beta coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using linear regression.
Ninety-five of 497 participants (19.1%) had ≥1 seropositive measurement before their last visit using the qualitative ELISA. Only 2.1% (2/95) seroreverted during follow-up. Of 95 participants, 82 (86.3%) tested IgG seropositive in the quantitative ELISA too. IgG antibody levels significantly decreased in the first months (P <0.01) but remained detectable for up to 12 months in all participants. Older age (β, 10-years increment: 24.6, 95% CI: 5.7-43.5) and higher body mass index (β, 5kg/m² increment: 40.0, 95% CI: 2.9-77.2) were significantly associated with a higher peak of antibody levels.
In this cohort, SARS-CoV-2 antibodies persisted for up to 1 year after initial seropositivity, suggesting long-term natural immunity.
本研究旨在评估荷兰未接种疫苗的美发师和酒店工作人员接触 SARS-CoV-2 12 个月后抗体水平的变化。
在这项前瞻性队列研究中，每 3 个月采集一次血样，持续 1 年，并使用定性总抗体酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和定量免疫球蛋白（IgG）抗体 ELISA 进行分析。参与者完成问卷，提供人口统计学、健康和工作信息。使用 Mann-Whitney U 和 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验评估抗体水平的差异。使用线性回归计算β系数（β）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
在使用定性 ELISA 进行的最后一次检测中，497 名参与者中有 95 名（19.1%）至少有 1 次血清阳性检测结果。在随访期间，只有 2.1%（2/95）的患者出现血清抗体转阴。在 95 名参与者中，82 名（86.3%）在定量 ELISA 中 IgG 抗体也呈阳性。IgG 抗体水平在最初的几个月明显下降（P <0.01），但在所有参与者中仍可检测到长达 12 个月。年龄较大（β，每增加 10 岁：24.6，95%CI：5.7-43.5）和体重指数较高（β，每增加 5kg/m²：40.0，95%CI：2.9-77.2）与抗体水平的峰值升高显著相关。
在本队列中，SARS-CoV-2 抗体在初次血清阳性后可持续存在 1 年，提示存在长期的自然免疫。
