Azanaw Jember, Engdaw Garedew Tadege, Dejene Hanna, Bogale Samual, Degu Siraye
Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia.
Ethiopian Environmental Health professionals, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2022 Nov 21;8(11):e11707. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11707. eCollection 2022 Nov.
Death and illness because of food-borne diseases have greater than previously. According to WHO 2015 report, food-borne diseases affect more than 1/3 of the total population in developing countries each year. Risky food preparation and handling by Street food vendors have made food safety concern for public health. Most individuals nowadays have their meals outside their homes, which are vulnerable to disease caused by contaminated food. This study aimed at assessing the food safety knowledge, and self-reported practices and their associated factors among street food vendors in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess food safety knowledge, practices, and their associated factors among 395 street food vendors, which were selected randomly from 700 street food vendors. The data was collected from September 10-28, 2021. Data collection was through face-to-face interview. Then, only fully completed questionnaire were considered for analysis. The data analysis was done using Stata Version 14. Descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression and Spearman's correlation analysis were done. Probability less than to 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
More than half of vendors are licensed (56.5%). Over three-fourths (79.7%) of the food vendors have information about food safety and hygienic practice. Nearly half (50.6%) and 50.9% of study subjects were poor in food hygiene knowledge and practice respectively. Significant relationships were found between knowledge and practice (β1 = 0.46, p < 0.001), and also knowledge and attitude ((β1 = -0.38, p < 0.001). Male food vendors (AOR: 2.05, 95% CI (1.25, 3.10)), food vendors with poor food hygiene attitude (AOR: 2.54, 95% CI (1.65, 3.90)), and those not receive feedback from the customers on food hygiene (AOR: 2.14, 95% CI (1.40, 3.27)) were poor in food hygiene knowledge. Street food vendors who were non-licensed (AOR: 2.06, 95% CI (1.33, 3.17)), no food hygiene information (AOR: 3.03, 95% CI (1.73, 5.31)), and had no training (AOR: 1.26, 95% CI (1.78, 2.04)) were poor in food hygiene practice.
The overall findings of this study indicated that around half of street food vendors' food hygiene knowledge and practices were poor. Sex, food hygiene attitude, and feedback from customers were significantly associated factors with food hygiene knowledge. In addition, licensing status, food hygiene information, and training related to food hygiene were statistically associated factors with the food hygiene practice. Significant relationships were found between food safety knowledge and food safety practice and also knowledge and attitude.
食源性疾病导致的死亡和疾病比以往更为严重。根据世界卫生组织2015年的报告，食源性疾病每年影响发展中国家超过三分之一的总人口。街头食品摊贩危险的食品制备和处理方式引发了对公众健康食品安全的担忧。如今，大多数人在家庭以外的地方用餐，这些地方容易受到受污染食品导致的疾病影响。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔市街头食品摊贩的食品安全知识、自我报告的行为及其相关因素。
进行了一项横断面研究，以评估从700名街头食品摊贩中随机抽取的395名街头食品摊贩的食品安全知识、行为及其相关因素。数据于2021年9月10日至28日收集。数据收集通过面对面访谈进行。然后，仅使用完全填写的问卷。使用Stata 14版进行数据分析。进行了描述性统计、二元逻辑回归和Spearman相关性分析。概率小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
超过一半的摊贩有执照（56.5%）。超过四分之三（79.7%）的食品摊贩了解食品安全和卫生操作。近一半（50.6%）和50.9%的研究对象分别在食品卫生知识和行为方面较差。知识与行为之间（β1 = 0.46，p < 0.001）以及知识与态度之间（β1 = -0.38，p < 0.001）存在显著关系。男性食品摊贩（调整后比值比：2.05，95%置信区间（1.25，3.10））、食品卫生态度差的食品摊贩（调整后比值比：2.54，95%置信区间（1.65，3.90））以及未从顾客那里得到食品卫生反馈的摊贩（调整后比值比：2.14，95%置信区间（1.40，3.27））在食品卫生知识方面较差。无执照的街头食品摊贩（调整后比值比：2.06，95%置信区间（1.33，3.17））、没有食品卫生信息的摊贩（调整后比值比：3.03，95%置信区间（1.73，5.31））以及没有接受培训的摊贩（调整后比值比：1.26，95%置信区间（1.78，2.04））在食品卫生行为方面较差。
本研究的总体结果表明，大约一半的街头食品摊贩的食品卫生知识和行为较差。性别、食品卫生态度以及顾客的反馈是与食品卫生知识显著相关的因素。此外，执照状态、食品卫生信息以及与食品卫生相关的培训是与食品卫生行为在统计学上相关的因素。食品安全知识与食品安全行为之间以及知识与态度之间存在显著关系。
