School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia.
School of Applied Science, Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia.
J Healthc Eng. 2022 Nov 19;2022:5666229. doi: 10.1155/2022/5666229. eCollection 2022.
One common type of vascular dementia (VaD) is poststroke dementia (PSD). Vascular dementia can occur in one-third of stroke patients. The worsening of cognitive function can occur quickly if not detected and treated early. One of the potential medical modalities for observing this disorder by considering costs and safety factors is electroencephalogram (EEG). It is thought that there are differences in the spectral dynamics of the EEG signal between the normal group and stroke patients with cognitive impairment so that it can be used in detection. Therefore, this study proposes an EEG signal characterization method using EEG spectral power complexity measurements to obtain features of poststroke patients with cognitive impairment and normal subjects. Working memory EEGs were collected and analyzed from forty-two participants, consisting of sixteen normal subjects, fifteen poststroke patients with mild cognitive impairment, and eleven poststroke patients with dementia. From the analysis results, it was found that there were differences in the dynamics of the power spectral in each group, where the spectral power of the cognitively impaired group was more regular than the normal group. Notably, (1) significant differences in spectral entropy (SpecEn) with a value <0.05 were found for all electrodes, (2) there was a relationship between SpecEn values and the severity of dementia (SpecEn < SpecEn < SpecEn), and (3) a post hoc multiple comparison test showed significant differences between groups at the F7 electrode. This study shows that spectral complexity analysis can discriminate between normal and poststroke patients with cognitive impairment. For further studies, it is necessary to simulate performance validation so that the proposed approach can be used in the early detection of poststroke dementia and monitoring the development of dementia.
一种常见的血管性痴呆（VaD）是卒中后痴呆（PSD）。血管性痴呆可发生在三分之一的卒中患者中。如果不能及早发现和治疗，认知功能的恶化可能会迅速发生。在考虑成本和安全因素的情况下，观察这种疾病的一种潜在医学手段是脑电图（EEG）。人们认为，正常组和认知障碍卒中患者的脑电图信号的频谱动力学存在差异，因此可以用于检测。因此，本研究提出了一种使用脑电图频谱功率复杂度测量来对卒中后认知障碍患者和正常受试者的脑电图信号进行特征描述的方法。从 42 名参与者中收集和分析了工作记忆脑电图，包括 16 名正常受试者、15 名轻度认知障碍的卒中后患者和 11 名痴呆的卒中后患者。从分析结果中发现，每个组的功率谱动态都存在差异，其中认知障碍组的频谱功率比正常组更规则。值得注意的是，（1）在所有电极上，均发现频谱熵（SpecEn）有显著差异（p 值<0.05）；（2）SpecEn 值与痴呆严重程度之间存在关系（SpecEn < SpecEn < SpecEn）；（3）事后多重比较检验显示在 F7 电极上组间存在显著差异。本研究表明，频谱复杂度分析可以区分正常人和卒中后认知障碍患者。对于进一步的研究，有必要进行性能验证模拟，以便提出的方法可以用于卒中后痴呆的早期检测和痴呆的发展监测。
