Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China.
J Appl Toxicol. 2023 Aug;43(8):1108-1118. doi: 10.1002/jat.4418. Epub 2022 Dec 10.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Meanwhile, environment air pollution has become a serious health risk factor, contributing to the mortality of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. A substantial body of evidence has shown that many types of vascular diseases are related to air pollution. The physiology and pathophysiology of the three layers of vascular vessels, especially the inner and medial layer, contribute to the process of vascular diseases. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the predominant cells in the medial layer, and several studies have indicated that air pollution has an adverse effect on VSMCs. There are numerous sources of air pollution across the world, and the components of air pollutants are a complex mixture of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter. Among these air pollutants, particulate matter (PM) presents the highest risk factor leading to global mortality from cardiovascular disease and disability. In this review, we primarily focus on the impacts of PM exposure on VSMCs. We further discuss the correlation between exposure to PM and other vascular diseases and present potential protective and treatment strategies to decrease vascular mortality related to air pollution.
心血管疾病是全球范围内的主要死亡原因。同时，环境空气污染已成为严重的健康风险因素，导致呼吸系统和心血管疾病的死亡率上升。大量证据表明，许多类型的血管疾病与空气污染有关。血管的三层结构（特别是内皮层和中皮层）的生理学和病理生理学参与了血管疾病的发生过程。血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs）是中皮层的主要细胞，有几项研究表明，空气污染对 VSMCs 有不良影响。世界上有许多空气污染的来源，而空气污染物的成分是气体污染物和颗粒物的复杂混合物。在这些空气污染物中，颗粒物（PM）是导致心血管疾病全球死亡率和残疾率的最高风险因素。在这篇综述中，我们主要关注 PM 暴露对 VSMCs 的影响。我们进一步讨论了 PM 暴露与其他血管疾病之间的相关性，并提出了一些潜在的保护和治疗策略，以降低与空气污染有关的血管死亡率。
