Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023 Jan 28;33(1):15-27. doi: 10.4014/jmb.2207.07032. Epub 2022 Oct 17.
The incidence of melioidosis cases caused by the gram-negative pathogen (BP) is seeing an increasing trend that has spread beyond its previously known endemic regions. Biofilms produced by BP have been associated with antimicrobial therapy limitation and relapse melioidosis, thus making it urgently necessary to understand the mechanisms of biofilm formation and their role in BP biology. Microbial cells aggregate and enclose within a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) to form biofilm. The transition mechanism of bacterial cells from planktonic state to initiate biofilm formation, which involves the formation of surface attachment microcolonies and the maturation of the biofilm matrix, is a dynamic and complex process. Despite the emerging findings on the biofilm formation process, systemic knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of biofilm formation in BP remains fractured. This review provides insights into the signaling systems, matrix composition, and the biosynthesis regulation of EPSs (exopolysaccharide, eDNA and proteins) that facilitate the formation of biofilms in order to present an overview of our current knowledge and the questions that remain regarding BP biofilms.
类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌引起的病例发病率呈上升趋势，已超出其先前已知的流行地区。类鼻疽伯克霍尔德菌产生的生物膜与抗菌治疗限制和复发性类鼻疽有关，因此迫切需要了解生物膜形成的机制及其在 BP 生物学中的作用。微生物细胞聚集并被自身产生的细胞外聚合物基质（EPS）包围，形成生物膜。细菌细胞从浮游状态向生物膜形成的启动转变的机制，涉及到表面附着微菌落的形成和生物膜基质的成熟，是一个动态而复杂的过程。尽管对生物膜形成过程的新发现不断涌现，但对 BP 中生物膜形成的分子机制的系统认识仍然是零散的。本综述深入探讨了信号系统、基质组成以及 EPS（胞外多糖、eDNA 和蛋白质）的生物合成调控，这些都是促进生物膜形成的因素，旨在概述我们目前对 BP 生物膜的认识以及仍然存在的问题。
