School of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
J Nutr Sci. 2022 Nov 23;11:e102. doi: 10.1017/jns.2022.104. eCollection 2022.
Zinc deficiency (ZD) during pregnancy has far-reaching consequences on the mother, fetus and subsequent child survival. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of ZD among pregnant women around Lake Awasa, Hawassa City, Ethiopia. To this end, a facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 333 randomly sampled pregnant women from 08 April to 08 May 2021. The socio-economic, dietary intake, water, sanitation and hygiene, obstetric, and maternal health data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Moreover, on-spot blood and stool samples were taken. Descriptive statistics and binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis were conducted. The prevalence of ZD was 58⋅6 % (95 % CI 53⋅31, 63⋅89). The poorest (AOR = 3⋅28; 95 % CI 1⋅26, 8⋅50) and poor (AOR = 2⋅93; 95 % CI 1⋅14, 7⋅54) wealth quintiles, four of more family size (AOR = 1⋅84, 95 % CI 1⋅10, 3⋅35), poor dietary diversity (AOR = 4⋅11; 95 % CI 2⋅11, 7⋅62), not eating snacks (AOR = 3⋅40; 95 % CI 1⋅42, 8⋅15), not consuming fish (AOR = 3⋅53; 95 % CI 1⋅65, 7⋅56) and chicken (AOR = 2⋅53; 95 % CI 1⋅31, 4⋅88) at least once a month, and intestinal parasitic infection (AOR = 2⋅78; 95 % CI 1⋅52, 5⋅08) predicted zinc deficiency. In conclusion, ZD is a public health problem among pregnant women around Lake Awasa. The present study demonstrated that poor socio-economic status, large family size, poor nutritional practices and intestinal parasitic infection determine the zinc status in the present study area. The findings suggest the need for further analysis to deepen the understanding about ZD and consideration of livelihood in interventions to prevent and control ZD among pregnant women in Hawassa City, Ethiopia.
孕妇缺锌（ZD）对母亲、胎儿和随后的儿童生存都有深远的影响。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚阿瓦萨湖周围孕妇的 ZD 患病率及其相关因素。为此，于 2021 年 4 月 8 日至 5 月 8 日对 333 名随机抽取的孕妇进行了基于机构的横断面研究。通过面对面访谈收集了社会经济、饮食摄入、水、环境卫生、产科和孕产妇健康数据。此外，还采集了现场血液和粪便样本。进行了描述性统计以及二元和多变量逻辑回归分析。ZD 的患病率为 58.6%（95%CI 53.31-63.89）。最贫穷（AOR=3.28；95%CI 1.26-8.50）和贫穷（AOR=2.93；95%CI 1.14-7.54）的财富五分位数、家庭规模为四个或更多（AOR=1.84；95%CI 1.10-3.35）、饮食多样性差（AOR=4.11；95%CI 2.11-7.62）、不吃零食（AOR=3.40；95%CI 1.42-8.15）、每月至少食用一次鱼（AOR=3.53；95%CI 1.65-7.56）和鸡肉（AOR=2.53；95%CI 1.31-4.88）、肠道寄生虫感染（AOR=2.78；95%CI 1.52-5.08）的孕妇更易缺锌。总之，阿瓦萨湖周围的孕妇存在 ZD 这一公共卫生问题。本研究表明，贫穷的社会经济地位、大家庭规模、不良的营养习惯和肠道寄生虫感染决定了本研究地区的锌状况。研究结果表明，需要进一步分析以加深对 ZD 的了解，并考虑生计问题，以在埃塞俄比亚 Hawassa 市预防和控制孕妇 ZD。
